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Embracing Statistics: Why You Shouldn't Fear Understanding Data

Statistics is a valuable tool for extracting information from data. It's not just for statisticians; even babies can appreciate its insights! This introduction demystifies statistics, showcasing its practicality from populations and samples to descriptive and inferential analysis. Learn how sampling errors affect conclusions and the importance of statistical significance. With roots in history and including notable figures like Karl Pearson and Francis Galton, statistics is a key to informed decision-making in our data-driven world.

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Embracing Statistics: Why You Shouldn't Fear Understanding Data

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Introduction to ANALYSIS

  2. Why a person should not fear Statistics

  3. Even babies can love statistics…..

  4. And even professors love babies…

  5. Statistics is a way to get INFORMATION from data.

  6. It may look complicated….

  7. London Heathrow Airport

  8. http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=^DJI

  9. Some other statistics…. http://www.measuringworth.com/uscompare/ http://www.x-rates.com/d/CAD/CNY/graph120.html

  10. Let’s take a look at what statisticsare and what they do. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics

  11. History Karl Pearson 1857-1936 Charles Darwin 1809-1882 Francis Galton 1822-1911 Charles Spearman 1863-1945

  12. Statistics: Getting information from data. Who (what) are we studying? Population 1. Census 2. Sample

  13. Statistics: Getting information from data. Who (what) are we studying? Population 1. Census 2. Sample a. Describe b. Infer

  14. Statistics: Getting information from data. Who (what) are we studying? Population Sample Two types of analysis 1. Descriptive 2. Inferential Probability

  15. Statistics: Getting information from data. Inferential The Probability that what we find in the Sample will apply to the whole Population.

  16. Statistics: Getting information from data. Inferential Whenever a sample is utilized, there will always be a “sampling error.”

  17. Statistics: Getting information from data. Inferential Whenever a sample is utilized, there will always be a “sampling error.” That “sampling error” will increase as the variability of the measure increases. That “sampling error” will decrease as the size of the sample increases.

  18. Statistics: Getting information from data. Inferential The “sampling error.”

  19. Most inferential statistics are simply the number of sampling errors a finding is from what was expected.

  20. THIS is the universal statistic….

  21. The universal statistic…. For example, the t-test is:

  22. Or:

  23. Ferguson’s Epitaph for a Statistician With no applause from saint or devil He was significant at the .05 level. He squeezed life’s data, but when done He failed to reach the .01. Fergusons, G. A. (1981). Statistical Analysis in Psychology and Education (5th Ed.). McGraw Hill: New York.

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