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Cruisin’ the World. The world is forever changed. The World in 1500 A.D. New World vs. Old World. New World North America South America. Old World Europe Asia Africa.
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Cruisin’ the World The world is forever changed.
New World vs. Old World New World • North America • South America Old World • Europe • Asia • Africa
Historian’s believe thatNative Americans migrated from Asia about 12,000 years ago across the Bering Straight at the end of the last Ice Age.
By 1500, North America was home to hundreds of unique Native American cultural groups. Each one very different from one another
Second Discovery of America Leif Ericsson and the Vikings landed in far North America in about 1,000 B.C. They named the land “Vinland” because of the abundance of wild grapes.
Let’s look at how the Age of Exploration began. In order to understand how important exploration was to the world, we need to go back to a time when exploration was of little importance---- The Middle Ages
Middle Ages (500-1350) During theMiddle Ages (500-1350),life was hard and people were struggling just to survive. There was constant threat from outside invaders. Food was scarce. Death and Disease was rampant.
People spent much of their time and energy just trying to survive. There was little leisure time to be interested in the outside world, much less time to explore it. Eventually, a social and political system developed that helped to bring stability and peace to Europe.
Feudalism was a system of loyalty and protectionin the Middle Ages. Feudalism King Lords Knights Serfs
Everyone was loyal to the king because he provided a place to live and knights for protection. However, the king needed his subjects below him for his survival, too. He was even loyal to the serfs, for they provided food.
This system of loyalty and protection called feudalism worked from... Feudal Society King Lords Knights Serfs top to bottom bottom to top and
Eventually, life became somewhat easier and people were not so afraid to leave their feudal manors. In 1095 Pope Urban II called on all Christians to leave their homes and defend their faith by joining the Crusades.
The Crusades:1090s-1270s The Crusadeswere a series of wars fought between Christians and Muslims from theover control of the Holy Land. The Holy Land The Middle East
The Crusades were important because... Asia Europeans ventured to Asia for the first time.
Effects of the Crusades Europeans were introduced to new foods and products. This led to an increase of trade between Europe and Asia
People came into contact with others outside of their feudal manors. Ideas and learning became more widespread.
Europe was on the verge of a great rebirth of cultural borrowing known as the Renaissance
“Renaissance” (1400-1600)actually means “rebirth.” It was a rebirth of knowledge and ideas in art, religion, science, and learning that had flourished in ancient Greek and Roman times. Strong European nations emerged during this time period.
People did not have to struggle as much to survive during theRenaissance. They had more leisure time. Some very famous figures used that leisure time to create and invent wonderful things. Gutenberg printed books.
Michelangelo painted and sculpted. magnified the heavens. Galileo
Shakespeare wrote. Leonardo invented and painted
The height of European exploration occurred during theRenaissance.
Exploration • After the Crusades and Renaissance, Europeans want Asian goods • Trade with Asia led to exploration of the world. • European nations were looking for an all water route to Asia to make $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Explorer Hall of Fame A few explorers who made a difference.
Prince Henry the Navigator- Portugal Prince Henry never explored, but he was instrumental in promoting exploration by: financing many voyages for Portugal. starting a school for navigation at Sagres that initiated many advancements in sailing.
Christopher Columbus- Spain Columbus was searching for a faster route to Asia.. October 12, 1492 Columbus landed on what he believed was the Indies He thought he was in India, but he really had “discovered” the New World
Amerigo Vespucci- Italy Amerigo followed Columbus’s route to the New World. Amerigo was an Italian Mapmaker. He wrote to a friend that he had indeed discovered a new continent. AMERICA is named after Amerigo!
Ferdinand Magellan- Spain Magellan’s voyage was the first to circumnavigate the globe. However, Magellan was killedin the Philippines during a battle with natives. His crew put his body in a pickling barrel and finished the voyage, so technically, Magellan did sail around the world.
The Conquistadors- Spain gold The conquistadors were the Spanish conquerors who were looking for the “Three G’s”... God glory Two of the most famous were: Hernando Cortez who conquered the Aztecs in Mexico. Francisco Pizarro who conquered the Incas in Peru.
Jacques Cartier- France Cartier was looking for the Northwest Passage, a believed waterway to China through North America. During his search he: • discovered the mouth of the St. Lawrence River. • claimed much of Eastern Canada for France.
Henry Hudson- England During his search for the Northwest Passage, Hudson discovered the Hudson River, Hudson Strait, and Hudson Bay. Hudson was viewed as too intense and unfair. Eventually his crew mutinied (rebelled) and left him to die in the icy North Atlantic.
Sir Frances Drake- England Drake was a famous English “Sea Dog” who raided ships of the Spanish Armada. Eventually, he helped defeat the Armada. Drake was the first Englishman to circumnavigate the world.
Write a five to six sentence level one writing in your Interactive Notebook addressing the following question: How are we related to people in history? In other words, how are we like the people we will study in history?
