STREET NARCOTICS

Cpl. Charles Reel Email: creel@edgefieldcountysheriff.org 803-637-4086 STREET NARCOTICS

INTRODUCTION • The problem related to drug abuse is not new to us • Many scientific studies have been conducted in the hope of finding a solution • The age of the average drug user continues to decrease

WHY IS DRUG USE GROWING? • Drugs are more available today • There is more money in our affluent society • Less parental control over children • The increasing number of educated and influential individuals who insist that drugs like marijuana and cocaine are less of a problem than alcohol or tobacco (Woody Harrelson) • Many take the position that drug abuse is a “victimless” crime

THE COST OF DRUG ABUSE • The average person feels that drug abuse is not his/her problem • The annual cost to the taxpayer is in the billions of dollars • A heroin addict may spend between $50 and $200 a day to support the habit often leading to a life of crime • Addicts steal millions of dollars worth of merchandise each year and may receive less than a quarter on the dollar for these items

CURRENT TRENDS • Various “Designer Drugs” like GHB, Ecstasy (MDMA), and Rohypnal (Date Rape Drug) have recently become very popular with teenagers and young adults.

What Is a Drug? • Any substance, other than food, that can affect the way your mind and body work.

What Is Tolerance? • Tolerance is defined as the capacity to endure or resist the action of the drug. • A person develops tolerance to a drug when he requires larger amounts of the drug to produce the same effects.

What Is Addiction? • Addiction is the physical and / or psychological dependence upon a drug resulting from continuous or periodic use.

Cocaine Heroin Marijuana * Alprazolam (Xanax) * Diazepam (Valium) * Lorazepam (Ativan) * Clonazepam (Clonopin) Methamphetamine * Codeine * Benzodiazepine * D-propoxypheine PCP * Hydrocodone (Vicodin) Amphetamine * Temazepam (Restoril) * Oxycodone LSD * Chlordiazepoxide * Methadone * Indicates Prescription Drugs Drug SamplingFrom Police Magazine, 10-95The 20 Most Frequently Abused Drugs Are:

Drug Slang Terms • Amped - High on stimulants, usually amphetamines • Bad Trip - Bad experience from the effects of LSD • Baggy - A quantity of marijuana in a plastic type bag • Base - free basing or smoking cocaine • Connection - A source to purchase drugs • Cut - to dilute a narcotic with some other substance • Dealer - Someone who sells drugs • Dime Bag - $10 worth of drugs(usually heroin or marijuana) • Drop - To swallow drugs • Eight Ball - Method of packaging, 1/8 ounce quanity, related to cocaine • Fix - To inject narcotics • Flashback - reoccurring experience from the effects of LSD • Free Base - To smoke cocaine • Hit - Taking a drag from a marijuana cigarette or a dose of LSD • Keister Plant - Drugs which are hidden in the rectum

Drug Slang Terms • Loaded - Being high, under the influence of drugs • Mainline - To inject drugs directly into the vein • Mule - A person who transport drugs • Outfit - Narcotic injection kit • Pusher - One who sells drugs • Rock House - A residence used to sell drugs, usually cocaine • Rolling- Under the influence of Ecstasy • Score - To purchase drugs • Shoot Up - To inject drugs • Speed Freak - a chronic user of methamphetamines • Stash - Personal drug supply • Trip - Being under the influence of a hallucinogenic drug • Wasted - Being under the influence of drugs

WHAT’S ON CAMPUS • ALCOHOL • MARIJUANA • ACID • COKE • METH • HEROIN • INHALANTS

GATEWAY DRUGS • ALCOHOL • TOBACCO • MARIJUANA • ECSTASY

ALCOHOL • BEER • WINE • HARD ALCOHOL

TOBACCO • CIGARETTES • CIGARS • CHEWING TOBACCO • DIP

MARIJUANA • GRASS • WEED • BOMB BUD • GANJA • BUD • BLUNT

MARIJUANA • Marijuana is commonly referred to the as a cannabis sativa L plant. • Marijuana plant possessing green leaves with separated leaflets in an odd number, usually 7 to 9. • The potency of marijuana is determined by the amount of THC (tetrahydrocannabinol). • THC is used in medical research to control nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapytreatments.

MARIJUANA PARAPHERNALIA • PIPES • ZIG - ZAGS • ROACH CLIPS • BONGS

MARIJUANA STASH BOXES • FILM CONTAINERS • CASSETTE TAPE CONTAINERS • COMPACTS • SODA CANS • ANYTHING WITH A FALSE BOTTOM

EFFECTS OF CANNABIS (MARIJUANA) ABUSE • Accelerated pulse • Dizziness and disoriented behavior • Whites of the eyes reddened or bloodshot • Puffiness developing under the eyes • Yellowish coating on the tongue, fingers and finger nails • Increase appetite • Relaxed inhibitions

STIMULANTS • These drugs stimulate the body processes, and work directly on the central nervous system. • They have the opposite effects as a narcotic or depressant drug • Their medical uses include: treatment of depression, warding off fatigue, and controlling weight.

METHAMPHETAMINES • CRYSTAL • CRYSTALMETH • SPEED • METHADRINE • CRANK • METH

ROCK OR CRACK COCAINE • CRACK • ROCK • HUBBA

COCAINE USE • Cocaine is taken most commonly by sniffing it up the nose • For heightened effect, it is sometimes injected, or mixed with heroin and injected (referred to as a “speed ball”) • Cocaine can also be smoked (referred to as “Free basing”)

COCAINE PACKAGING • PLASTIC BAGS • GLASS VIALS • SMALL CELLOPHANE OR PAPER PACKETS • BINDLES

COCAINE PARAPHERNALIA • MIRRORS • OTHER NON- POROUS SURFACE • RAZOR BLADES • STRAWS • ROLLED MONEY • COKE SPOONS

CRACK PARAPHERNALIA • GLASS PIPES (BASE PIPES) • HOMEMADE PIPES • PLASTIC BAGS • GLASS VIALS

COCAINE EFFECTS • Cocaine produces an intense euphoria, with increased heartbeat, blood pressure, and body temperature • Eyes will normally be dilated (or enlarged) while under the influence • Cocaine has anesthetic qualities, so the user may feel no pain • Inhalation of cocaine causes damage to the septum of the nose • Cocaine duration of effects last from 10 minutes to 3 to 4 hours

COMMON INHALANTS • AMYL NITRATE • BUTYL NITRATE • TOLUENE • PAINT THINNER • GASOLINE • PAINT • AEROSOLS

INHALANTS • GLUE • RUSH • LAUGHING GAS • POPPERS • SNAPPERS • KICK

INHALANTS • The fumes from these volatile substances, when inhaled for any extended length of time, will produce intoxication, excitement, and exhilaration. • Substances containing toluene, such as airplane glues, have always been popular with abusers • Typing correction fluids, are now prevalent with students in the elementary and high schools because it can be inhaled without drawing attention to oneself

METHOD OF USE • Most popular method of inhaling these gases is to saturate the inside of a paper or plastic bag, handkerchief, towel, or sock so the fumes can be contained at a concentrated level • The open end of the bag is then held to the nose, and the fumes are inhaled with deep breaths

What Sniffing Does To The Brain • A. BRAIN The chemicals abused by inhalant users affect different parts of the brain, producing a variety of sensory and psychological disorders. Many inhalants are thought to dissolve the protective myelin sheath that surrounds neurons - brain cells - resulting in cell death (see brain diagram). • B. CEREBRAL CORTEX Cellular death here causes permanent personality changes, memory impairment, hallucinations and learning disabilities. • C. CEREBELLUM This is the center that controls balance and coordination. Inhalant-related damage results in loss of coordination and slurred speech. Chronic abusers experience tremors and uncontrollable shaking. • D. OPHTHALMIC NERVE Toluene may affect this nerve causing sight disorders.

Damage to the Body • A. BLOOD Some substances like nitrites and methylene chloride (paint thinner) chemically block the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood. • B. LUNGS Repeated use of spray paint as an inhalant can cause lung damage. • C. HEART Abuse of inhalants can result in "sudden sniffing death syndrome." This is due to a sudden and unexpected disturbance of the heart's rhythm. All inhalants can produce sudden sniffing death syndrome. • D. LIVER Halogenated compounds like trichloroethylene (a component of aerosol paints and correction fluid) have been linked to damage of this organ. • E. KIDNEY Inhalants containing toluene impair the kidney's ability to control the amount of acid in the blood. This is reversible when toluene leaves the body but, in the long-term, kidney stones may develop.

SYMPTOMS OF ABUSE • Inhalant abusers may appear to be drunk • Poor coordination • Slurred speech • Odor of the substance on the breath • Excess nasal secretion and reddening the nasal passage • Watering eyes • Sneezing and coughing

Club Drugs • GHB • Special K • Rohypnol • MDMA

MDMA(Methylenedioxymethanphetamine) • Ecstacy • XTC • X • Adam • Clarity • Lover’s Speed • Roll

What is Ecstasy? • Ecstasy is one of the most dangerous drugs threatening young people today. • Called MDMA (3-4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) by scientists • it is a synthetic chemical that can be derived from an essential oil of the sassafras tree. • MDMA is also one of the easiest illegal drugs to obtain. • Its effects are similar to those of amphetamines and hallucinogens. • Distributed almost anywhere, it has become very popular at social events like raves, hip hop parties, concerts, etc. frequented by both adults and youth.

Facts • Ecstasy can be detected up to four days in the urine. • 11.7% of high school seniors surveyed in 2001 reported that they had used MDMA at least one time during their lives • 23.8% of 8th graders, 41.4% of 10th graders, and 61.5% of 12th graders surveyed in 2001 reported that MDMA was "fairly easy" or "very easy" to obtain

How is it Used? • Ecstasy is usually taken in pill form and swallowed • It can also be injected. • Some users have been known to crush and snort the resulting powder. • Others insert the pill into the anus where it is absorbed. This process is known as “shafting.”

How Does It Affect You? • Ecstasy is similar (in nature) to other amphetamines and hallucinogens. • It speeds up the nervous system and acts as a mood enhancer. • Also referred to as “the love drug”, Ecstasy often makes the user feel good, happy and relaxed - at least at first. • Contrary to rumors, Ecstasy is not an aphrodisiac and can actually inhibit sexual performance. • The taking of any drug affects people differently. Depending on size, weight, health, dosage and other drugs being used, the reaction can be mild or very severe. • Anyone suffering from hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, epilepsy, mental illness or panic should avoid taking Ecstasy.

Common Side Effects • The following effects start within 20 minutes of taking E and can last for 4 - 6 hours or longer: • Increased heart rate • Increased body temperature • Increased blood pressure • Increased confidence • Nausea • Anxiety • Feelings of well-being (happiness, love) • Sweating • Loss of appetite

Other Reported Effects • Taking higher doses of MDMA will not increase the good feelings • In fact higher dosages can cause convulsions, irrational behavior, and hallucinations. • Users have reported having problems with insomnia, anxiety, paranoia, concentration and depression after taking the drug.

Duration of Effects • An Ecstasy high can last from six to 24 hours but usually averages three to four hours. • Some reactions have been reported to persist from one to 14 days after use.

Short Term Effects • Short-term effects include psychological difficulties (confusion, depression, sleep problems, craving, severe anxiety, and paranoia). • These effects occur during use and can continue even weeks after use. • Physical problems that can occur are muscle tension, involuntary teeth clenching, nausea, blurred vision, rapid eye movement, fever, chills or sweating.

Long Term Effects • Recent findings connect use of Ecstasy to memory loss. • Use of Ecstasy depletes serotonin, a very important chemical in the brain which regulates mood, sleeping and eating habits, as well as, the thinking and behavior process, sexual function, and sensitivity to pain.

GHB ( Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate) • Grievous Bodily Harm • G • Liquid Ecstacy • Georgia Home Boy • Gamma-OH

Ketamine

STREET NARCOTICS