1. SHEET METAL FORMING PROCESS / PRESS WORKING OF SHEET METALS Press working also termed as Cold stamping.

2. Presses • In sheet metal working it is a machine tool with a bed (die) and powered ram (punch) that can be driven toward and away from the frame to perform various cutting and forming operations

3. Cutting operations Blanking Punching ( Piercing) Notching Perforating Shaving Trimming Slitting Lancing Nibbling Forming operations Bending Drawing Squeezing PRESS OPERATIONS

4. BLANKING It is the operation of cutting a flat shape from the sheet metal in single step Punching / Piercing It is the operations by which holes are produced

6. Notching • It is a cutting operation by which metal pieces are cut from the edges Perforating • It is the operation by which multiple small holes are cut in a sheet metal Slitting • It is the operation of making incomplete hole Lancing • It is the operation in which the hole is partially cut and then one side is bent down to form a sort of tab or louvers

8. Lancing

9. Trimming • It’s a operation of cutting unwanted excess material. Shaving The uneven surfaces along the edges are removed by this operation

11. Dies • Types • Simple- single operation with a single stroke • Compound- two operations with a single stroke • Combination- two operations (cutting & forming) • Progressive- two or more operations at two or more stations with each press stroke, creates what is called a strip development • Transfer dies • Multiple or gang die

13. Progressive Dies