1 / 38

Alan Rosenberg

Alan Rosenberg. WWW. LINDROS. CO. ZA. Global warming Climate Change Global dimming. Present Context. SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE The concept of sustainable agriculture is a relatively recent response to the decline in the quality of the natural resource base associated with modern agriculture

paulos
Télécharger la présentation

Alan Rosenberg

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Alan Rosenberg WWW. LINDROS. CO. ZA

  2. Global warming Climate Change Global dimming Present Context

  3. SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE The concept of sustainable agriculture is a relatively recent response to the decline in the quality of the natural resource base associated with modern agriculture (McIsaac and Edwards, 1994).

  4. Essentially we are to put into practice the sustainable development plans advocated at the World Summits on Sustainable Development. This implies we will have three overarching components to address for a secure future. PEOPLE 40% : PLANET 40% : PROSPERITY 20% SOCIAL : ENVIRONMENT : ECONOMICS What needs to be done ?

  5. Sustainability

  6. . Contextual Background

  7. Global Agriculture • United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) : COP17 Agriculture on agenda (30% GHG emissions) : Adoption of the Rights of Nature : The Earth Charter is a declaration of fundamental ethical principles for building a just, sustainable and peaceful global society in the 21st century

  8. FAO is promoting an agriculture that sustainably increases productivity, resilience (adaptation), reduces/removes greenhouse gases (mitigation) while enhancing the achievement of national food security and the millennium development goals Agroecology A Climate-smart Agriculture Goal 7: Ensure Environmental Sustainability

  9. Global Perspective H2O Agriculture is an essential driving force in the management of water use. Currently, almost 90% of the global water consumption is for irrigation purposes Globally 2,7 million km² of agricultural land was equipped with irrigation infrastructure around the year 2000 (About 68% of the area equipped for irrigation is located in Asia, 17% in America, 9% in Europe, 5% in Africa and 1% in Oceania)

  10. Physical & Economic Scarcity Physical water scarcity is what it sounds like. Physical access to water is limited / restricted Economic water scarcity it is almost entirely a lack of compassion and good governance that allows the condition to persist Economic water scarcity exists when a population does not have the necessary monetary means to utilize an adequate source of water

  11. Global Perspective • The World Bank reports that 80 countries now have water shortages that threaten health and economies while 40% of the world — more than 2 billion people — have no access to clean water or sanitation In this context, we cannot expect water conflicts to always be amicably resolved • Water supply cannot remotely keep pace with demand, as cities rapidly expand and populations soar • World population has recently reached six billion and United Nation's projections indicate nine billion by 2050. What water supplies will be available for this expanding population?

  12. WATER DISTRIBUTION Percent Global Water Security Intelligence Community Assessment February 2012

  13. Present / Projected Water Stress Global Water Security Intelligence Community Assessment February 2012

  14. Ultimately, however, an awareness of the global water crisis should serve to put our own water concerns in perspective "Within a few years, a water crisis of catastrophic proportions will explode upon us — unless aroused citizens ... demand of their leadership actions reflecting vision, understanding and courage” Sen. Paul Simon

  15. Local SYNOPSIS The Water Research Commission (WRC) was established in terms of the Water Research Act (Act No 34 of 1971), following a period of serious water shortage in South Africa Currently, we are still under threat of a lack of sufficient water, while water quality and availability issues are becoming more acute In the future (short to long-term), it is envisaged that South Africa’s water problems may intensify Issues such as water for all, quality of life, and a sustainable environment are an essential part of the country’s national priorities and require considerable attention

  16. Water RSA When we consider our national resource there are four Impact Areas addressed with the following key issues: • Water and Society • Water and the Economy • Water and the Environment • Water and Health

  17. Water RSA South Africa's available freshwater resources are almost fully-utilised and under stress. At the projected population growth and economic development rates, it is unlikely that the projected demand on water resources in South Africa will be sustainable Water will increasingly becoming the limiting resource in South Africa, and supply will become a major restriction to the future socio-economic development of the country, in terms of both the amount of water available and the quality of what is available It is imperative that South Africa develop both a water-efficient economy together with a social ethic of water conservation and ultimately a culture of sustainability of water resource use.

  18. Compounding Issues The industrial sector is projected to have the greatest growth in water demand and much of the industrial development will occur in major urban centres that have limited water resources The average rainfall for the country is just over half of the world average of 900 mm / annum Rainfall is variable and droughts followed by floods are common occurrences South Africa has limited groundwater South Africa’s average evaporation rate exceeds its precipitation rate

  19. Predicted future changes in precipitation (Schulze et al, 2005)

  20. Water RSA Irrigation accounts for an estimated 50% of total water use in South Africa. While irrigated lands represent only 10% of the cultivated area, 85% of all agricultural exports are derived from irrigated lands Irrigation losses are often quite significant and it is estimated that no more than 60% of water abstracted from water resources is correctly placed in the root systems of plants Approximately 35 % of irrigation system losses return to the river systems by overland flow and return seepage but this return water is normally nutrient enriched and polluted with herbicides, fungicides, pesticides, and other pollutants that affect water quality of rivers and streams

  21. Agri – culture Agri – business Agri - power Agro - ecology Evolution of Agriculture

  22. Green Revolution

  23. Agroecology The term agroecology can be used in multiple ways, as a science, as a movement and as a practice It can be described as the balance between agronomy and its’ impact/influence /relationship to the environment

  24. Agroecology The agroecologist views any farming system primarily with an ecologist's eye; that is, agroecosystems are both understood and designed following ecological principles

  25. Soil Health & Fertility

  26. Future Agriculture will have strong ecological standards to work with will have economic models that serve both people and the environment will use adaptive rather than control management strategies will engage consumers and producers in a common cause will market the farm not farm the market will balance environmental conditions, social circumstances and economic potential …People …Planet...Prosperity

  27. Agroecological Soil Fertilitythrough Good Agricultural Sustainable Practice (GASP) Feed the soil not the plant Fertilize from the sphere of the living Make use of: Rotations Green manures Compost Mulches Intercropping / companion planting Effective microorganisms others

  28. Typical Soil Components

  29. Change in the Water Retention Capacity of soils (L/Ha) as the organic carbon levels (OC) at 30 cm depth vary (soil density 1.2 g/cm3) As we increase soil carbon levels, we find enormous gains in water retention with high carbon sinkage facilities. Leading to high Carbon revenues in the CDM Dr Christine Jones Australian Soil Carbon Accreditation Scheme Founder, Carbon For Life Inc.

  30. Benefits of Mulch .

  31. The Science of Mulching • Mulch reduces Soil evaporation by 40% • Mulch - Increase of plant available water 43% • Groundwater recharge increase approximately 27% • No mulch – up to 300 tons soil loss per ha per annum • (Dr R Auerbach, Rainman Landcare Foundation)

  32. National Level Under the SAOSO governance, NOPI is the champion of the Public Private Partnership (PPP)2, driving the imminent finalization of this unique National Initiative, promoting Organic Production and Agroecology Practices. 2 The PPP also includes the “P” of People under the private Sector, so that communities are coming first in the partnership.

  33. A member of SAOSO AN INTEGRATED SOLUTION FOR THE NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE RESPONSE WHITE PAPER FLAGSHIP PROGRAM FOR: 1. National Department of Agriculture, Forestry, Fisheries (DAFF) 2. Department of Rural Development and Land Reform (DRDLR) 3. Department of Corporate Governance & Traditional Affairs (COGTA) 4. Department of Trade and Industry DTI

  34. WATER INITIATIVE FOR THE RESTORATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT (WIRE) Communities are mobilised into projects in agro-forestry, aqua culture, horticulture, duck and fish farming as downstream activities WIRE is an Initiative of the Department of Water Affairs

  35. Address by President Jacob Zuma on the occasion of the COP 17 High Level Side Event on Climate-smart Agriculture, Durban “Good farming practices follow ecosystem-based approaches designed to improve sustainability of crop-livestock production systems, aiming to meet consumer needs for high quality, safe products produced in an environmentally and socially responsible way These are some of the reasons why countries of the world should consider adopting climate-smart agriculture or sustainable agriculture as some of us call it. Climate-smart agriculture seeks to increase sustainable productivity, strengthen farmers’ resilience, reduce agriculture’s greenhouse gas emissions and increase carbon sequestration. It strengthens food security and delivers environmental benefits”

  36. www.lindros.co.za Alan Rosenberg Alan Rosenberg

  37. Thank you

More Related