1 / 107

Blood

Blood. Blood - Introduction. Connective Tissue inside blood vessels. Blood - Introduction. Composed of plasma and formed elements (rbc, wbc, and platelets). Blood - Plasma. Plasma is obtained by centrifuging the blood. Blood - Serum.

peers
Télécharger la présentation

Blood

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Blood

  2. Blood - Introduction • Connective Tissue inside blood vessels

  3. Blood - Introduction • Composed of plasma and formed elements (rbc, wbc, and platelets)

  4. Blood - Plasma • Plasma is obtained by centrifuging the blood

  5. Blood - Serum • Serum is obtained by letting the blood clot in a test tube.

  6. Blood - Serum • Fluid that lacks clotting factors such as fibrinogen

  7. Interstitial Fluid • Fluid outside the vascular system that bathes body cells

  8. Functions of blood • Transports oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, heat, wastes, and hormones

  9. Functions of blood • Regulates pH, body temperature, and water content of cells

  10. Functions of blood • Prevents blood loss through clotting

  11. Functions of blood • Combats toxins and microbes through certain phagocytic white blood cells and plasma proteins

  12. Physical Characteristics of Blood • viscosity greater than that of water

  13. Physical Characteristics of Blood • Temperature 38 degrees C (100.4)

  14. Physical Characteristics of Blood • ph of 7.35 to 7.45

  15. Physical Characteristics of Blood • 8% of body weight

  16. Physical Characteristics of Blood • Volume = 4 to 6 liters

  17. Components of Blood • Blood consists of • 55% plasma • 45% Formed elements

  18. Plasma • Consists of 91.5% water and 8.5% solutes

  19. Plasma • Principal solutes include proteins (albumins, globulins, fibrinogen), nutrients, enzymes, hormones, respiratory gases, electrolytes, and waste products such as urea and bilirubin

  20. Plasma • Albumin is a transport protein for steroids

  21. Plasma • Gamma globulins are antibodies • Alpa and Beta globulins transport iron and fats

  22. Plasma • Fibrinogen has a role in clotting

  23. Formed Elements • Composed of; 1. Erythrocytes (RBCs) • Leukocytes (WBCs) • Thrombocytes (platelets)

  24. Formed Elements • Hematocrit – percentage of total blood volume occupied by red blood cells

  25. Formed Elements • Normal hematocrit for; • Male – 42-52% • Female – 37-48%

  26. Anemia • A significant drop in hematocrit

  27. Anemia • Symptoms include; • Headaches • Weakness • A feeling like your heart is pounding • Fatigue • Shortness of breath

  28. Agglutination • This process involves antibodies joining red cells together and form clumps

  29. Formation of Blood Cells • All blood cells are formed from pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells

  30. Formation of Blood Cells • Pluripotent stem cells divide into myeloid stem cells and lymphoid stem cells

  31. Formation of Blood Cells • Myeloid stem cells give rise to; • RBCs • Plateletes • All WBCs except for lymphocytes

  32. Formation of Blood Cells • Lymphoid stem cells give rise to lymphoctyes

  33. Formation of Blood Cells • In order to become mature lymphocytes, the precursor cells leave the marrow and go to the thymus, lymph nodes, and spleen

  34. Red Blood Cells • Contain the oxygen-carrying protein hemoglobin

  35. Red Blood Cells • Lack nuclei

  36. Red Blood Cells • Each cell contains 280 million hemoglobin molecules

  37. Red Blood Cells • Live 120 days • Splenic macrophages remove them from circulation

  38. Red Blood Cells • Produce about 2 million red cells/second

  39. Red Blood Cells • Hemoglobin’s function is to carry oxygen and carbon dioxide

  40. Red Blood Cells • Hemoglobin is composed of four polypeptide subunits (two alpha and two beta)

  41. Red Blood Cells • Each polypeptide chain contains a central, iron-containig heme group that combines with oxygen

  42. Red Blood Cells • Hemoglobin picks up CO2 in the tissues, which it releases in the lungs

  43. Red Blood Cells • 23% of CO2 is hemoglobin-bound

  44. Red Blood Cells • 70% of CO2 is dissolved in the plasma as bicarbonate

  45. Red Blood Cells • 7% is dissolved in the plasma as CO2

  46. Red Blood Cells • Hemoglobin picks up O2 in the lungs and releases it in body tissues

  47. Red Blood Cells • 97% of O2 is carried by hemoglobin

More Related