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Organic Chemistry

Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons characterized by at least one double bond, defined by the formula CnH2n. Common examples include ethene, propene, and butene. They are represented nominally with the suffix "-ene" and can exist in different isomeric forms, including cis and trans configurations. The physical properties and typical reactions of alkenes, such as combustion and addition reactions, are essential for understanding their chemistry. Addition reactions include hydrogenation, halogenation, and hydration, making alkenes highly reactive intermediates in organic synthesis.

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Organic Chemistry

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  1. Part2 : Alkenes Organic Chemistry

  2. Alkenes • One double bond • Unsaturated hydrocarbons (carbons are NOT holding the maximum number of hydrogen atoms they can hold)

  3. 1. Common name -ylene C8H16 C4H8

  4. The Vinyl group The Allyl group Alkyl group

  5. …………….. ………………….

  6. Alkenes 2. IUPAC name CnH2n • Ethene C2H4 • Propene C3H6 • Butene C4H8 • Pentene C5H10 • Hexene C6H12 • Heptene C7H14 • Octene C8H16 • Nonene C9H18 • Decene C10H20 …..ene

  7. IUPAC name

  8. IUPAC name

  9. Draw the structure and give the molecular formula for each of the following compounds. 1. Cis 3-Heptene 2. Cis Cyclohexene 3. trans-Cyclohexene

  10. Physical Properties of Alkenes

  11. Cycloalkenes CnH2n-2 (n=3,4,5,…)

  12. Isomer C4H8

  13. Isomer C4H8

  14. Isomer C5H10

  15. C5H10 + O2 C8H16 + O2 Reactions of Alkenes 1.Combustion reaction

  16. 2. Addition Reactions A characteristic reaction of compounds with a carbons-carbon double bond is a addition. -Hydrogenation reaction -Halogenation reaction (X2 / CCl4 ) -Hydrohalogenation reaction (HBr, HCl) -Hydration reaction (H2O)

  17. LOW High Reactive intermediated in organic chemistry

  18. 2. Additionreaction -Hydrogenation reaction (H2) Ni, Pd, Pt cat. -Halogenation reaction (X2 / CCl4 )

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