National Movement for Righteousness and Transformation (N-MRT)

1. National Movement for Righteousness and Transformation (N-MRT)

2. God has a purpose for our nation.

3. We can understandGod’s purpose for our nation • By reviewing prophetic words given to our nation in the past • By studying our history • God’s purpose for our nation has been preset • God has been preparing us for this purpose • Our past will show how God has invested in our country

4. Framework in studying our history • Jesus’ parable of the wheat and the weeds (Matt 13:24-30) • When God is at work, the enemy is also at work. • As we study our history, we should see God’s work in preparing the Philippines for its destiny. • But we should also discern what the enemy has planted to hinder the fulfillment of God’s purpose for our nation.

5. Overview of our nation’s history • Pre-colonial period • Spanish period 1521-1898 • American period 1898-1946 • Philippine Republic 1946-1972 • 1972 (Martial Law) – to present

6. The Pre-Colonial Period

7. Pre-Colonial Period “ From one man he made every nation of men, that they should inhabit the whole earth; and he determined the time set for them and the exact places where they should live” (Acts 17:26) • God created the LAND • God caused the land to be inhabited by PEOPLE • God provided natural RESOURCES in order for the people to live in the land

8. Pre-Colonial Period: The Land • An archipelago made up of 7,107 islands • Total area of 300,780 square kilometers • as large as Italy • larger than New Zealand • very much larger than Britain • Rivers and seas all around • A ‘crossroad’ in the migration and trade route

9. The World in Actual Size

10. Google Image of Asia

11. Google Image of the Philippines

12. Pre-Colonial Period:The Resources • extremely fertile agricultural land with potential of 18 million hectares, only 1/3 of which is currently cultivated • teeming biodiversity in flora and fauna on land and marine life on sea • inexhaustible sources of energy – oil, natural gas, deuterium • minerals for the technological age - gold, silver, copper, silicon, uranium

13. Map by Peter Loud <http://users.powernet.co.uk/mkmarina/philippines/philippines.html>

14. “The fusion fuels are deuterium and tritium: These nuclei are isotopes of hydrogen: they have the same number of protons, different number of neutrons.”

15. “Deuterium:  One gallon of water contains 1/8 gram of deuterium.”

16. “If fully burned in fusion reactions, the energy output would be equivalent to 300 gallons of gasoline. “

17. “In other words, the available energy supply of fusion fuel is equivalent to filling the Atlantic and Pacific oceans 300 times with gasoline.”

18. “If fusion can be successfully harnessed, it could satisfy the entire world's electrical energy needs for millions of years. Fusion can also produce hydrogen which may be useful for transportation.”

19. http://other.nrl.navy.mil/LaserFusionEnergy/fusionfuels.html

20. Pre-Colonial Period: The People • The land was peopled by a mixture of races; these were not homogeneous in terms of local culture and development • Early Filipinos were greatly influenced (but never conquered) by Asian countries • Early Filipino culture was deeply-rooted

21. Early Filipino political economy and culture were deeply-rooted • Early Filipinos believed in a Supreme Being. • Each tribe had a deep sense of consensual democracy. • Women were the equals of men, and played a pivotal role in tribal society. • Tribes had no intent of expanding their territories or subjugating other peoples.

22. Early Filipinos believed in a Supreme Being. • He came by various names—Magbabaya, Bathala, Manama, Kabunian • But he lived in the seventh realm of heaven, too awesome for early Filipinos to know • The early Filipino was so humble s/he did not dare to describe the Supreme Being. • S/he needed someone else to describe it for him/her.

23. Democracy permeated early Filipino life • Property was communal; no one person owned the land. • Therefore, no one ruled; a triad consisting of datu, babaylan and panday LED the tribe. • All issues were settled by consensus.

24. Women were men’s equals • They provided the pickings and horticulture to feed the clan out of God’s bounty. • Men needed to hunt wild boar and deer only occasionally, because vegetation was already bounteous enough for nutrition. • This made the babaylan, often a woman, not only a healer, but a counselor, historian, epic chanter, and vice datu.

25. Early Filipinos never subjugated others. • God gave them such bounty that they did not go to war to expand their territories or subjugate others. • Their wars were caused by petty disputes between adjoining tribes. • Visayas and Luzon communities, however, were helpless against Muslim pirates who raided and kidnapped one or two of theirs for the slave trade.

26. Precolonial societies were ripe for the Spanish conquest by 1521. • They needed a better understanding of their Supreme Being • They had to be united into one nation • They had to be brought into a more “modern” world— • And suffer the consequences for these

27. Spanish Period (1521-1898)

28. Spanish Period: Archipelago Named • Magellan reached our shores on March 17, 1521— • And gave the islands its first name, “The Archipelago of St. Lazarus.” • 21 years later, Villalobos reached the islands— • And renamed the land “Islas Filipinas” in honor of Crown Prince Philip, who later became King. • Our land’s name tells our land’s purpose.

29. Spanish Period (1521-1898) • Spanish colonization laid the groundwork for our nation. The Spaniards stayed 333 years. The development of the Philippines as a nation was therefore greatly influenced by the Spanish colonizers.

30. Spain’s effects on us • It stopped Islamization of the islands • It brought Catholicism to our shores • It developed our economy, politics and culture into a feudal one • It unified our tribal societies

31. What Spanish colonizationdid to our indigenous democracy • Colonizers instituted a centralized form of government • Uniting all barangays • Excluding Muslim communities • Datu families were gathered around town centers or pueblos • Peasant families lived in the old barangays, in the peripheries • This gave rise to classes and corruption of datu families

32. The weeds of Spanish colonization • Imposing a system of classes on Philippine society, Spanish colonizers destroyed the indigenous Filipino’s sense of consensual democracy and equality between men and women. • Spanish colonial structures of inequality produced a sense of inferiority and low self-worth among Filipinos, encouraging datu families to plow into public bin.

33. Birth of a nation through revolution • The destruction of democracy incited revolts throughout Spanish rule. • More than a hundred major revolts took place from 1565 to 1872 • Execution of GomBurZa in 1872 served as a catalyst for a nationalist movement • Filipino nationalism reached its peak during the Philippine Revolution of 1896 to 1898.

34. Independence from Spain was declared on June 12, 1898 at Kawit, Cavite where for the first time, the Philippine national flag was hoisted and the Philippine national march was played in public. Birth of a nation through revolution

35. Nevertheless, the Spanish Period establishedthe Filipino Nation • The nation was defined geographically • The nation was given a name • The nation was born – independence, flag, anthem, constitution • A national consciousness was formed

36. American Period (1898-1946)

37. Arrival of the Americans • Industrialization led America to wage war against Spain • America’s victory brought out the issue: colonize the Philippines or not? • US decision to colonize the Philippines was legitimized by: • the decision of Pres. McKinley to colonize the Philippines after seeking the Lord through prayer. • the ratification by the US Senate of the Treaty of Paris

38. The Filipino-American War • Pres. McKinley, issuing his benevolent assimilation policy towards Philippines, declared it under Military Control • Filipinos rose up and fought hard in spite of their scanty arms • Before the war ended 200,000 Filipino lives taken. • 4,000 American soldiers, 20,000 Filipino soldiers, 200,000 Filipino civilians dead • The Anti-Sedition Law prohibiting display of Philippine flag, among others, was passed .

39. Campaign for Independence • Filipinos were defeated but never gave up. • Some resisted American rule through arms, others through legal means • In May of 1934, the Tydings-McDuffie or Philippine Independence Law was passed. • This resulted in the granting of independence on July 4, 1946, after World War II.

40. America’s contributionto the Filipino nation • The Americans trained the Filipinos in the “democratic” form of political governance. • Public education became a right of all people. • The English language was extensively propagated in the country. • Public health was promoted. • Major improvements were made in transportation and communication facilities. • Biblical Christianity was introduced.

41. Another American contribution: One nation,one national government • Establishment of one national government throughout the whole archipelago • Approval of the 1935 Philippine Constitution • Establishment of the Philippine presidency

42. The American tares • American military conquest & suppressive laws subverted growth of nationalism • Filipino consensual democracy was further subverted with introduction of a large middle class in the cities • Corruption in top rung of government was covered up by existence of this middle class • The public school system induced Filipinos to regard American culture as “superior” • Filipinos, in becoming avid consumers of American products, learned to despise their own

43. Japanese times (1942-45)

44. Independence delayed • The War was a horrifying time for Filipinos, esp women and children • But despite their atrocities the Japanese encouraged rediscovery of our culture • We had already won the war when the Americans arrived • But we treated them as heroes anyway

45. Philippine Republic (1946-1972)

46. The Philippine Republic: An independent nation? • The Tydings-McDuffie Law of 1934 granted us independence. The question is: were we truly independent during the Philippine Republic?

47. Philippine Republic: An independent nation? Economically • After the war, we were Asia’s most war-devastated country • Economically bankrupt, we begged for financial assistance. • The conditions imposed for the rehabilitation and reconstruction fund tied our agricultural economy to the American economy .

48. Philippine Republic: An independent nation? Conditions for US rehabilitation and reconstruction fund : • Amendment of Philippine Constitution to give way to American access to our natural resources • Agreement to the Bell Trade Relations Act: free trade relations for 8 years • Institutionalization of foreign exploitation of our country

49. Philippine Republic: An independent nation? Militarily • Military Bases Agreement was signed, giving U.S. the right to an unlimited number of bases in the Philippines for 99 years • final agreement reduced number of years to 25, renewable, during Marcos’ time • However, since the count started in 1966, the U.S. had already gained 44 years

50. Philippine Republic: An Independent nation? Politically & Culturally • Government remained under US dictates • People remained poor • Diaspora started • National resources were depleted • Colonial mentality was fostered