1 / 23

Understanding the Skeletal, Muscular, and Integumentary Systems of the Human Body

This comprehensive overview explores the human skeletal, muscular, and integumentary systems. The skeleton not only supports and protects internal organs but also facilitates movement and stores minerals. Muscles interact with bones through tendons, allowing for movement and exercise is highlighted as vital for maintaining muscle strength and flexibility. The integumentary system, primarily the skin, serves as a barrier to injury and infection, regulating body temperature and providing sensory input. Overall, the interconnectedness of these systems is essential for healthy body function.

percy
Télécharger la présentation

Understanding the Skeletal, Muscular, and Integumentary Systems of the Human Body

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Unit 10 The Human Body Ch. 36 Skeletal, Muscular, & Integumentary System

  2. The Skeleton • The skeleton supports the body, protects internal organs, provides for movement, stores mineral reserves, & provides a site for blood cell formation • Bones provide a system of levers on which muscles act to produce movement

  3. The Skeleton • The skeleton supports the body • The human skeleton is divided into 2 parts: the axial skeleton, & the appendicular skeleton

  4. Structure of Bones • Bones are a solid network of living cells & protein fibers that are surrounded by deposits of calcium salts • Periosteum - tough layer of connective tissue that surrounds bone

  5. Structure of Bones • Haversian canals - found in dense, compact bone, contains blood vessels & nerves • Bone marrow - soft tissue found in bone cavities • Yellow marrow - made of fat cells • Red marrow - produces red blood cells, some white blood cells, & platelets

  6. Development of Bones • Cartilage - type of connective tissue that does not have blood vessels, it is dense & fibrous & therefore, can support weight • Ossification - process when cartilage is replaced by bone

  7. Types of Joints • Joint - a place where 1 bone attaches to another bone • They permit bones to move without damaging each other • Depending on its type of movement, a joint is classified as immovable, slightly moveable, or freely moveable

  8. Types of Joints • Freely movable joints are classified by the type of movement they permit

  9. Structure of Joints • Cartilage covers the surfaces where 2 bones come together • Ligaments - link bone-to- bone in a joint • Tendons - tie muscle-to- bone in a joint

  10. Skeletal System Disorders • Excessive strain on a joint may produce inflammation, where excess fluid causes swelling, pain, heat, & redness • Arthritis is inflammation of the joint itself • Osteoporosis is a loss of calcium in the bones, can cause serious fractures, typically occurs in older women

  11. Types of Muscle Tissue • There are 3 different types of muscle tissue: skeletal, smooth, & cardiac • Skeletal muscles have stripes, & many nuclei • Smooth muscle cells are spindle-shaped & have 1 nucleus

  12. Types of Muscle Tissue • Cardiac muscle cells have stripes & only 1 nucleus

  13. Skeletal Muscle Structure

  14. How Muscles & Bones Interact • Tendons are attached so they pull on the bones when the muscles contract • Most skeletal muscles work in opposing pairs, when 1 contracts, the other relaxes

  15. Exercise & Health • Regular exercise is important in maintaining muscular strength & flexibility • Aerobic exercises cause the body’s systems to become more efficient • Resistance exercises increase muscle size & strength

  16. The Integumentary System • The integumentary system serves as a barrier against infection & injury, helps regulate body temp., removes waste products from the body, & provides protection against UV radiation from the sun

  17. The Skin • The largest component of the integumentary system is the skin • It contains many sensory receptors, therefore, it serves as gateway through which sensations like pressure, heat, cold, & pain, are transmitted to the nervous system

  18. The Skin • After strenuous exercise, the skin produces sweat, which decreases the temperature of the body & rids the body of wastes

  19. Structure of The Skin

  20. The Skin • Epidermis - the outer layer of skin • Melanin - a dark brown pigment, it helps protect the skin from damage by absorbing UV rays from the sun • Dermis - the inner layer of the skin, contains blood vessels, nerve endings, glands, sensory receptors, smooth muscles, & hair follicles

  21. The Skin • Excessive exposure to UV radiation can produce skin cancer, an abnormal growth of cells in the skin • Protect yourself by wearing a hat, sunglasses, & sunscreen

  22. Hair & Nails • The basic structure of human hair & nails is keratin, which is a protein • Hair covers almost every exposed surface of the body, it serves as protection from the sun (head), & from dirt, viruses, & bacteria, from entering the body (nostrils, external ear canals, & eyelashes)

  23. Hair & Nails • Nails grow at an average rate of 3mm/month, with fingernails growing 4 times more rapidly than toenails • Nails protect the tips of fingers and toes (digits)

More Related