Understanding Density: Mass, Volume, and Real-World Applications
This resource delves into the concept of density, defined as the mass of an object divided by its volume. It highlights the difference between a pound of lead and a pound of feathers, illustrating how density affects perceptions of weight. The material covers calculations including the densities of various substances, such as wood, aluminum, water, and ice. Through practical examples and questions, learners explore the importance of density in real-world scenarios, including buoyancy and the behavior of materials under different conditions.
Understanding Density: Mass, Volume, and Real-World Applications
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Presentation Transcript
Bellringer 9-14-09 Calculate the following 9.0 x 1023 - 9.0 x 1021
Mass vs volume Density
Thought question • Which is heavier a pound of lead or a pound of feathers?
Most people say lead… • They are thinking about if you have the same size piece of lead and feathers obviously the lead will be heavier. • However, a pound of lead is much smaller in size than a pound of feathers • Why?
The answer is density • Lead atoms are packed tightly together • Feathers are not
Density is… • The ratio of the mass of an object to its volume • Density = mass/volume • A 10.0 cm3 piece of lead has a mass of 114 g. • How would you find density? • Density of lead is 11.4 g/cm3
Density • As mass increases, density increases • As volume increases, density decreases • Depends only on substance not on size
A block of maple wood with a volume of 405 cubic centimeters and a density of 0.67 g/cm3 is sawed in half. The density of the two smaller blocks is now -- A one-fourth the original densityB one-half the original densityC two times the original densityD the same as the original density
Densities of common materials • Can you find any themes? • Water is 1 g/cm3
Density Trends • Solids usually most dense • Gases usually least dense • Exception is water • Ice is less dense than liquid water • Water expands as it freezes and creates air pockets • Volume increases and mass remains constant, therefore density decreases
Floating is related to density • A substance that is less dense will float in a substance that is more dense • Example… • Helium density 0.166 g/L Air density 1.2 g/L • Water density 1 g/cm3 • Oil density 0.922 g/cm3 • Ice density 0.917 g/cm3 • Steel density approx. 8 g/cm3
Calculations • What is the density of a piece of wood that has a mass of 25.0 grams and a volume of 29.4 cm3? • D=m/v • m=25.0 g • v=29.4 cm3 • 25.0 / 29.4 • D = 0.850 g/cm3
A piece of wood that measures 3.0 cm by 6.0 cm by 4.0 cm has a mass of 80.0 grams. What is the density of the wood? Would the piece of wood float in water? • D = 1.1 g/cm3
The density of aluminum is 2.70 g/mL. If the mass of a piece of aluminum is 244 grams, what is the volume of the aluminum? • Use the triangle • Cover up what you are looking for • It will tell you math to do • V=m/D • V = 90.4 mL
Water displacement • Silly putty with a mass of 8.0 g is placed in a graduated cylinder with an initial water level of 25 ml After placing silly putty into graduated cylinder the water level rose to 29 ml. What is the density of the silly putty? • 29 ml – 25 ml = 4 ml • D = 8 g / 4 ml • D = 2 g/ml
