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Understanding Environmental Policy: Key Acts, Challenges, and Impacts

This overview of environmental policy explores critical legislation such as the Clean Air Act and Oil Pollution Act, focusing on their regulatory frameworks and the controversies surrounding them. It highlights the challenges of scientific uncertainty and high costs associated with compliance, alongside the moral implications of enforcement. The role of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is examined, discussing its command-and-control strategy and related incentives. The document also reflects on the current administration's environmental stance, emphasizing greenhouse gas reductions and sustainable practices.

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Understanding Environmental Policy: Key Acts, Challenges, and Impacts

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  1. Environmental Policy http://www.rochesterenvironment.com/images/NavHouse.jpg

  2. Introduction • Why controversial? • Scientific uncertainty • Expensive1 • Moral standings http://www.frankmiller.com/images/iStock_000003029533XSmall.jpg 1 "2005 Pollution Abatement Costs and Expenditures Data," Environmental Protection Agency , last modified 2005, http://yosemite.epa.gov/ee/epa/eed.nsf/webpages/pace2005.html.

  3. EPA • Environmental Protection Agency • Executive power • Utilized Command-and-Control strategy http://www.umass.edu/tei/conferences/SustainableRemediation/Graphics/epa_seal_200p.jpg

  4. EPA Incentives • Response to high cost associated with C2 Strategy • Offsets • Bubble standard • Pollution allowances

  5. Clean Air Act • Concerned mainly with Smog and Automobile pollution2 • Federal Standards • Gasoline-powered vehicles • Stationary Sources • 1990 Amendment • Massive changes http://askanesthetician.files.wordpress.com/2011/02/factory-pollution.jpg 2 “Clean Air Act: A Summary of the Act and its Major Requirements.” James E. McCarthy, Last Modified May 9, 2005. http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/47810.pdf.

  6. Oil Pollution Act • Regulations • Detailed plans for dealing with spills3 • Limitations Clause • Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund • Penalty Increase http://images.angelpub.com/2010/23/4952/oil-spill-2.gif 3 “Oil Pollution Act Overview.” United States Environmental Protection Agency. Last modified Jan 11, 2011. http://www.epa.gov/osweroe1/content/lawsregs/opaover.htm.

  7. Current Environmental Position • Obama Administration Platform • Greenhouse gas cuts • Eliminate incandescent bulbs • Cut oil consumption • Green Jobs • Obama Administration Action • First off shore wind farm • Solar facilities • Restrictions on Mercury and dangerous chemicals

  8. The EPA: Keep it or Cut it? • Pros4 • Enforces environmental regulations • Cons • 5% of US Annual Budget • Inflation http://www.cartoonstock.com/newscartoons/cartoonists/rma/lowres/rman2768l.jpg 4 “EPA at 40: Pros and Cons.” Paul Taylor. Last modified Dec 6, 2010. . http://www.examiner.com/ecopolitics-in-los-angeles/epa-at-40-pros-and-cons.

  9. Bibliography "2005 Pollution Abatement Costs and Expenditures Data." Environmental Protection Agency. Last modified 2005. http://yosemite.epa.gov/ee/epa/eed.nsf/webpages/pace2005.html. McCarthy, James E. “Clean Air Act: A Summary of the Act and its Major Requirements.” Congressional Research Service. Last modified May 9, 2005. Accessed Jan 14, 2012 http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/47810.pdf. Rivoli, Dan. “Obama Links Economy to Environmental Policy in EPA Pep Talk.” International Business Times. Last modified Jan 10, 2012. Accessed Jan 14, 2012. http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/279779/20120110/obama-epa-environment-regulation.htm. Taylor, Paul. “EPA at 40: Pros and Cons.” Examiner.com. Last modified Dec 6, 2010. Accessed Jan 14, 2012. http://www.examiner.com/ecopolitics-in-los-angeles/epa-at-40-pros-and-cons. US Environmental Protection Agency. "History of the Clean Air Act." United States Environmental Protection Agency. Last modified November 16, 2010. Accessed January 14, 2012. http://epa.gov/oar/caa/caa_history.html. US Environmental Protection Agency. “Oil Pollution Act Overview.” United States Environmental Protection Agency. Last modified Jan 11, 2011. Accessed Jan 14, 2012. http:// www.epa.gov/osweroe1/content/lawsregs/opaover.htm. US Environmental Protection Agency. "The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990." The United States Environmental Protection Agency. Last modified December 19, 2008. Accessed January 14, 2012. http://epa.gov/oar/caa/caaa_overview.html.

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