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Period 4. Rhetorical Terms. Alliteration. [uh-lit-uh- rey - shuhn ] In language, alliteration is the repetition of a particular sound in the first syllables of a series of words or phrases. She sells sea-shells by the sea-shore. Allusion. [ uh-loo- zhuhn ].
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Period 4 Rhetorical Terms
Alliteration • [uh-lit-uh-rey-shuhn] • In language, alliteration is the repetition of a particular sound in the first syllables of a series of words or phrases. • She sells sea-shells by the sea-shore
Allusion [uh-loo-zhuhn] • A brief, usually indirect reference to a person, place, other work of literature, or event--real or fictional. • Reader must make the connection • Harriet Tubman was called the Moses of her time • She transformed her backyard to look like the Garden of Eden.
Anadiplosis [An-ə-di-PLOH-sis] Repetition of the last word of a preceding clause Example: Fear leads to anger. Anger leads to hate. Hate leads to suffering.
Anaphora [uh-naf-er-uh] Repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or lines Example: I need to get an A in PreCalc, I need to score a goal in the soccer game, I need to clean my room to make my parents happy. I need to do a lot of things.
Antimetabole • A figure in which the same words or ideas are repeated but in a transposed order • “With my mind on my money and my money on my mind.” –Snoop Dogg
Antithesis • Pronounciation: • [an-tith-uh-sis] • Definition: • Opposition, or contrast, of ideas or words in a balanced or parallel construction • Example: • Lets agree to disagree
Archaic diction [ahr-key-ikdik-shuhn] Having the characteristics of the language of the past and surviving chiefly in specialized use. Example: The paper was a chore to read due to the archaic diction of the author and his frequent use of antiquated writing styles.
Asyndeton [uh-sin-di-ton, -tuhn] * The omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words. Example: “I came, I saw, I conquered.”
Cumulative Sentence A Sentence that completes the main idea at the beginning of the sentence, and then builds and adds on. Example: "I write this at a wide desk in a pine shed as I always do these recent years, in this life I pray will last, while the summer sun closes the sky to Orion and to all the other winter stars over my roof."
Denotation vs. Connotation Denotation is the strict dictionary definition of a word. Example: aroma and odor both have the same literal meaning, or denotation – they refer to the smell of something Connotationis the emotional and imaginative associations that a word carries with it. Example: aroma and odor have different associations, or connotations – aroma indicates a pleasant smell, like that of freshly baked cookies, while odor indicates an unpleasant smell, like that of used gym socks
Heteroglossia he-tə-rō-ˈglä-sē-ə Heteroglossia is a diversity of voices, styles of discourse, or points of view in a literary work and especially a novel. Example: The way a character talks to a friend would be different than the way a character talks to his or her parent.
Hortative Sentence [ahr-key-ikdik-shuhn] A sentence exhorts, advises, or calls to action. Example: Presidents Kennedy’s speech was laden with hortative sentences, trying to rouse the world to solve the problems it was facing.
Imperative Sentence [im-per-uh-tiv] [sen-tns] Definition: a sentence that gives a command, direction, or request Examples: Don’t touch anything breakable. Go to your room. Reverse the polarity of the neutron flow.
Inversion • You can pronounce it… • When a sentence does not follow standard word order • Example: So difficult are some of these terms that we have a separate slide for each of them.
Juxtaposition • [juhk-stuh-puh-zish-uhn] An act or instance of placing close together or side by side, especially for comparison or contrast. Ex: a baby with a machine gun
Litotes • Pronunciation: • [lahy-tuh-teez, lit-uh-, lahy-toh-teez] • Definition: • Understatement for a rhetorical effect. • Example: • He’s not the brightest student in the class.
Metonymy • A word or phrase that is used to stand in for another word. • “Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears.” –Marcus Antonius • “your ears” –your attention,
Paraleipsis[par-uh-lahyp-sis] • a rhetorical device in which an idea is emphasized by the pretense that it is too obvious to discuss • Ex. There are many drawbacks to your plan, not to mention the cost • Ex. What if you were to learn that the Candidate is an alcoholic, would you be less inclined or more inclined to vote for him? • Ex. I confine to this page the volume of his treacheries and debaucheries.
Parallelism [par-uh-le-liz-uhm, -luh-liz-] • Similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, and clauses Example: The customer wanted to exchange the article, to obtain a refund, and to speak to the manager.
Periodic Sentence A sentence whose main clause is withheld until the end. Example: “In opening minds, instilling values, and creating opportunities, education has no equal.”
Periphrasis • [puh-rif-ruh-sis] The use of an unnecessarily long or roundabout form of expression; circumlocution. Also know as “beating around the bush”. Ex: "The Denver Post elongated 'mustache' into 'under-nose hair crops.'
Polysyndeton • Pronunciation: • [pol-ee-sin-di-ton, -tuhn] • Definition: • The use of a number of conjunctions in close succession. • Example: • I couldn’t study for our vocab quiz because I had to go to rehearsal and come home and feed my dog and take a shower and put my siblings to bed and go on Facebook and do my AP physics homework and text everybody in my contact list.
Rhetorical Question • Pronunciation: • [ri-tawr-i-kuhl] question • Definition: • A figure of speech in the form of a question where an answer is not expected in return. • Example: • Aren’t you ashamed of yourself?
Self reflexive • containing a reflection or image of itself; self-referential: • The monster at the end of the book.
Synecdoche [si-nek-duh-kee] *A figure of speech in which a part is used to represent the whole or the whole for the part. Example: “Twenty sails came into the harbor.”
Tri-colon Crescendo • Definition: • Three clearly defined parts of a sentence increasing in power • Example: • Veni, vidi, vici – Julius Caesar
Zeugma[zuɡmə] Use of two different words in a grammatically similar way but producing different, often incongruous, meanings. Ex) She arrived in a taxi and a flaming rage.
