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Navigating Identity Development in Adolescence: Insights from Erik Erikson's Theory

Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory of development highlights the importance of identity formation during adolescence. Influenced by Freud’s psychodynamic principles, Erikson emphasizes social influences over sexual impulses, delineating eight critical stages, from trust vs. mistrust to ego integrity vs. despair. Adolescents grapple with crises such as identity vs. role confusion, seeking to establish a strong self-concept and esteem. His epigenetic principle outlines how maturation and societal expectations shape outcomes, guiding individuals toward positive or negative identity statuses.

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Navigating Identity Development in Adolescence: Insights from Erik Erikson's Theory

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Identity development in adolescence Achieving a sense of self

  2. Erik Erikson • Influenced by Freud’s psychodynamic theory of development • Viewed social influence as more important than sexual impulses • 8 stages of development

  3. Basics of Erikson’s theory • Physical maturation • “Epigenetic principle” • Psychosocial crises • Maturation and societal expectations • Positive and negative outcomes • Main theme of life: quest for identity

  4. Stages of development • Trust vs. mistrust • Autonomy vs. shame and doubt • Initiative vs. guilt • Industry vs. inferiority • Identity vs. role confusion/diffusion • Intimacy vs. isolation • Generativity vs. stagnation • Ego integrity/“Wisdom” vs. despair

  5. Identity “status” (J. Marcia) • Moratorium or crisis • Foreclosure • Diffusion • Identity “achieved”

  6. The self • Self-concept • social self • ideal self • Self-esteem

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