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Understanding Breadth-First Search using a FIFO Queue in Graph Traversal

This document explores the Breadth-First Search (BFS) algorithm implemented with a First-In-First-Out (FIFO) queue to traverse a graph. Starting from a source node, BFS systematically visits all neighboring nodes before moving deeper into the graph's structure. Each node's discovery and visiting process is detailed, illustrating the step-by-step enqueueing and dequeueing actions associated with the BFS traversal method. This ensures an optimal path is explored layer by layer, making it particularly useful for finding the shortest path in unweighted graphs.

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Understanding Breadth-First Search using a FIFO Queue in Graph Traversal

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  1. Breadth First Search - C D A B E F G H I front FIFO Queue

  2. Breadth First Search - C D A B E F G H I enqueue source node A front FIFO Queue

  3. Breadth First Search - C D A B E F G H I dequeue next vertex A front FIFO Queue

  4. Breadth First Search - C D A B E F G H I visit neighbors of A front FIFO Queue

  5. Breadth First Search - C D A B E F G H I visit neighbors of A front FIFO Queue

  6. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H I B discovered B front FIFO Queue

  7. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H I visit neighbors of A B front FIFO Queue

  8. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H I A I discovered B I front FIFO Queue

  9. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H I A finished with A B I front FIFO Queue

  10. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H I A dequeue next vertex B I front FIFO Queue

  11. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H I A visit neighbors of B I front FIFO Queue

  12. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H I A visit neighbors of B I front FIFO Queue

  13. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H B I A F discovered I F front FIFO Queue

  14. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H B I A visit neighbors of B I F front FIFO Queue

  15. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H B I A A already discovered I F front FIFO Queue

  16. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H B I A finished with B I F front FIFO Queue

  17. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H B I A dequeue next vertex I F front FIFO Queue

  18. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H B I A visit neighbors of I F front FIFO Queue

  19. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H B I A visit neighbors of I F front FIFO Queue

  20. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H B I A A already discovered F front FIFO Queue

  21. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H B I A visit neighbors of I F front FIFO Queue

  22. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H I B I A E discovered F E front FIFO Queue

  23. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H I B I A visit neighbors of I F E front FIFO Queue

  24. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H I B I A F already discovered F E front FIFO Queue

  25. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H I B I A I finished F E front FIFO Queue

  26. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H I B I A dequeue next vertex F E front FIFO Queue

  27. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H I B I A visit neighbors of F E front FIFO Queue

  28. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H I B F I A G discovered E G front FIFO Queue

  29. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H I B F I A F finished E G front FIFO Queue

  30. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H I B F I A dequeue next vertex E G front FIFO Queue

  31. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H I B F I A visit neighbors of E G front FIFO Queue

  32. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H I B F I A E finished G front FIFO Queue

  33. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H I B F I A dequeue next vertex G front FIFO Queue

  34. Breadth First Search A - C D A B E F G H I B F I A visit neighbors of G front FIFO Queue

  35. Breadth First Search G A - C D A B E F G H I B F I A C discovered C front FIFO Queue

  36. Breadth First Search G A - C D A B E F G H I B F I A visit neighbors of G C front FIFO Queue

  37. Breadth First Search G A - C D A B E F G H I B F G I A H discovered C H front FIFO Queue

  38. Breadth First Search G A - C D A B E F G H I B F G I A G finished C H front FIFO Queue

  39. Breadth First Search G A - C D A B E F G H I B F G I A dequeue next vertex C H front FIFO Queue

  40. Breadth First Search G A - C D A B E F G H I B F G I A visit neighbors of C H front FIFO Queue

  41. Breadth First Search G A - C C D A B E F G H I B F G I A D discovered H D front FIFO Queue

  42. Breadth First Search G A - C C D A B E F G H I B F G I A C finished H D front FIFO Queue

  43. Breadth First Search G A - C C D A B E F G H I B F G I A get next vertex H D front FIFO Queue

  44. Breadth First Search G A - C C D A B E F G H I B F G I A visit neighbors of H D front FIFO Queue

  45. Breadth First Search G A - C C D A B E F G H I B F G I A finished H D front FIFO Queue

  46. Breadth First Search G A - C C D A B E F G H I B F G I A dequeue next vertex D front FIFO Queue

  47. Breadth First Search G A - C C D A B E F G H I B F G I A visit neighbors of D front FIFO Queue

  48. Breadth First Search G A - C C D A B E F G H I B F G I A D finished front FIFO Queue

  49. Breadth First Search G A - C C D A B E F G H I B F G I A dequeue next vertex front FIFO Queue

  50. G A - C C D A B E F G H I B F G I A Breadth First Search STOP front FIFO Queue

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