1. Homeland Security Six of the Agencies that help secure the United States of America

2. Table of Contents • Introduction to the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) • Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) • Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) • United States Coast Guard (USCG) • Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) • United States Northern Command (USNORTHCOM)

3. Introduction to DHS • Formed in 2002 • Director is Cabinet-level position in Executive Branch • Absorbed 22 former agencies into organizational structure • Now encompasses seven agencies and nine divisions • Budget for FY2012 was $46.9 Billion • Preponderance of focus and money for first 12 years has been on counter- terrorism • Organizational limitations and Issues

4. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) • Formerly parts of INS and US Customs Service • Mission Focus: law enforcement of customs, border control, immigration and trade • Composed of two law enforcement directorates • Homeland Security Investigations • Investigative arm; nearly as large as the FBI • Enforcement and Removal Operations • Capture and Remove illegal aliens • Detention Facilities • Member of Joint Terrorism Task Force

5. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) • Other Investigative Programs • Operation Community Shield • Operation Predator • National Security • Limitations • Detention Centers

6. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) • Created by two Executive Acts in 1978 • Prior to 2002 was its own cabinet-level agency • Mission Focus: support to citizens, improvement of our resilience • Organized by Regions • Mitigation Directorate and National Flood Insurance Program • National Response Coordination Center (NRCC)

7. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) • More about Regional Offices • FEMA’s alignment under DHS • Criticism since Hurricane Katrina FEMA Regional Offices

8. United States Coast Guard (USCG) • Officially a branch of the United States Armed Forces • Operationally aligned under DHS • Unique authorities • 11 Standing Missions; all mandated by law • Larger organization and growing: 17% of DHS • Resources • 244 cutters—over 65’ long • 1800 smaller boats. • 200 aircraft

9. US Coast Guard • Growing manpower despite defense cuts elsewhere • Equipment • National Response Center USCG Areas and Districts

10. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) • Falls under Department of Justice • Five Functional Branches • Integral part of homeland security • Dual Mission Focus: Investigation and Intelligence • Largest Investigative Service • Primary domestic intelligence agency and counter-intel agency • Priorities: Top 10

11. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) FBI Field Offices

12. U.S. Northern Command (USNORTHCOM) • USNORTHCOM created specifically to align with government mission to secure the homeland • A Unified or Geographic Combatant Command (GCC) • North American Continent plus 500 nautical mile of surrounding waters • Mission Focus: homeland defense, and civil support • Organization • Component Commands but few itinerant forces • Civil Support and Posse Comitatus

13. U.S. Northern Command (USNORTHCOM) USNORTHCOM Area of Responsibility relative to other COCOMs

14. Reference List • Andreas, Peter (2003). "Redrawing the Line: Borders and Security in the Twenty-first Century" (PDF). International Security28 (2): 78–111. • Nina Bernstein (January 10, 2010). "Officials Hid Truth About Immigrant Deaths in Jail". The New York Times. Retrieved March 1, 2014 from http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/10/us/10detain.html • Federal Bureau of Investigation. "What We Investigate". Retrieved from http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/investigate. • Federal Emergency Management Agency. (2014) Organizational Structure. Retrieved from http://www.fema.gov/organizational-structure • Miller, Russell A. (2008). US national security, intelligence and democracy: from the Church Committee to the War on Terror. Taylor & Francis. p. 172. ISBN 978-0-415-44646-4. • Perl, Raphael (2004)."The Department of Homeland Security: Background and Challenges", Terrorism—reducing Vulnerabilities and Improving Responses, Committee on Counterterrorism Challenges for Russia and the United States, Office for Central Europe and Eurasia Development, Security, and Cooperation Policy and Global Affairs, in Cooperation with the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 176. National Academies Press. ISBN 0-309-08971-9. • Stone, Andrea (21 December 2011). "Coast Guard Cutters Rust Away, Break Down". The Huffington Post • United States Coast Guard. U.S. Coast Guard - Units. Retrieved from http://www.uscg.mil/top/units/ • United States Department of Homeland Security. Homeland Security, Mission. Retrieved from http://www.dhs.gov/mission • United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement. (2014) ICEOverview. Retrieved from http://www.ice.gov/about/overview • U.S. Northern Command. (2014) About U.S. NORTHCOM. http://www.northcom.mil/ AboutUSNORTHCOM.aspx • World Meteorological Organization. (n.d.). WMO Disaster Risk Reduction Program. Retrieved from http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/drr