Risk of bias assessment and different tools used to assess systematic review - Pubrica

1. WHAT IS THE RISK OF BIAS ASSESSMENT AND DIFFERENT TOOLS USED TO ASSESS SYSTEMATICREVIEW An Academic presentationby Dr. Nancy Agens, Head, Technical Operations, Pubrica Group: www.pubrica.com Email:sales@pubrica.com

2. Today'sDiscussion Outline Inbrief Introduction QualityAssessment Tools used to Assess the Risk of Bias in the Systematic Review How to Assess the Risk ofBias Determining an Appropriate Risk of Bias Assessment Tool Conclusion

3. InBrief The risk of bias is defined as the risk of systematic error or a deviation from reporting the truth or an appropriate evidencefinding. It occurs when there is a systematic flaw or limitations in the study design or the conduct of the study. This article describes different assessment tools and the types of study designs for which the tool is applicable along with the flow of how to avoid the risk ofbias.

4. Introduction A systematic reviewguideline will often determine the study design to answer the formulatedquestion, and it is not enough in trusting the evidence of systematic review over observationalstudies. There are several terms like quality assessment, critical appraisal, or internal validity, which are used for the evaluation of studies supported by theguideline. In the risk of bias, the bias determines the factor that can affect the observations and findingsof the study systematically and report it to be different from the actualconclusion. Inadequate study design or the conduct of the study will give false findings which result in wasting time and resources, and missing opportunity for effectiveintervention.

5. QualityAssessment Qualityassessmentor risk of bias assessmenthelps in regulating and establishing transparency of evidence synthesis and findings and it is often performed for each study in a review; thus the collected evidence eliminate biasin theoutcomes. The risk of bias assessment can be done by professionals who may be conducted by the guideline development group or requires a methodological expert or by experiences systematic reviewresearchers. There are three types of bias theyare, Selection bias – Participant or Population comparability in astudy. Performance bias – The influence of estimateeffect. Reporting bias – Problems with measurements or classification ofoutcome.

6. Tools used to Assess the Risk of Bias in the Systematic Review: AMSTAR 2 - A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematicReviews AHRQ RRB - AHRQ tool for evaluating the Risk of Reporting Bias AHRQ ORB – AHRQ Outcome and analysis Reporting Biasframework GRADE – Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development andEvaluation SAQAT – Semi-Automated Quality AssessmentTool NOS - Newcastle-OttawaScale AXIS – Appraisal tool for Cross-SectionalStudies Contd..

7. QUIPS - Quality In Prognosis Studiestool RoB 1.0 – Cochrane Risk of Bias toolfor randomizedtrials RoB 2.0 - Revised tool for Assessing Risk of Bias in randomizedtrials SciRAP - Science in Risk Assessment andPolicy SIGN - The Scottish Intercollegiate GuidelinesNetwork RoBANS - Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Nonrandomized Studies QUADAS 2 - Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies PROBAST - Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASsessmentTool OHAT - Office of Health Assessment andTranslation Downs Black - Downs Blacktool

8. How to Assess the Risk ofBias? Plan your approach Identifying an appropriaterisk of bias assessmenttool Be aware of relatedissues Appraise eachstudy Report the assessment process Use your appraisals to inform theguideline

9. Determining an Appropriate Risk of Bias AssessmentTool: Contd..

11. Conclusion Insummary, risk of bias assessmentis a tool used to regulate findings which are accurate and appropriate, and it is essential to select the risk of bias toolrightly. There are many researches available to help, and it makes things easier to find appropriate tools for assessing the risk ofbias. This article describes different assessment tools for a systematic reviewand the types of study designs for which the tool is applicable along with the flow of how to avoid the risk ofbias.

12. ContactUs UNITEDKINGDOM +44-1143520021 INDIA +91-9884350006 EMAIL sales@pubrica.com