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Emergency Vehicle Driver Training Program

Emergency Vehicle Driver Training Program. Program Overview. Introduction 10 min. Extent of the Problem 45 min. Personnel Selection 45 min. Necessity of SOGs 20 min. Legal Aspects 45 min. Vehicle Dynamics 45 min. Program Overview. Inspections/Maintenance 60 min.

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Emergency Vehicle Driver Training Program

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  1. Emergency Vehicle Driver Training Program

  2. Program Overview • Introduction 10 min. • Extent of the Problem 45 min. • Personnel Selection 45 min. • Necessity of SOGs 20 min. • Legal Aspects 45 min. • Vehicle Dynamics 45 min.

  3. Program Overview • Inspections/Maintenance 60 min. • Vehicle/Ops Safety 60 min. • Competency Course 30 min. • Appendices • Bibliography

  4. Objectives Objectives • Understand the goal of this emergency vehicle driver training program. • Recognize the importance of an emergency vehicle driver training program. • Identify the elements of a comprehensive emergency vehicle driver training program

  5. Course Goal Present the necessary classroom, competency course training, and testing for new and existing emergency vehicle drivers. The program will verify proficiency in both the knowledge and understanding of, as well as, the practical application to emergency vehicle driving.

  6. Importance of Driver Training • All emergencies involve vehicle response. • 25% of firefighters killed are responding to or returning from incidents. • Drivers being criminally charged. • Driver training program demonstrates the organization’s commitment to safety.

  7. Comprehensive Emergency Vehicle Driver Training • Classroom Instruction • Competency Course Completion • Street and Highway Driving • Testing

  8. Module II Extent of the Problem Objectives • Understand the complexities of driving under emergency conditions and the existence of laws governing an emergency vehicle. • Recognize the high incidence of accidents involving emergency vehicles and the associated deaths and injuries.

  9. Module IIExtent of the Problem • Know the types, conditions, and causes of accidents involving emergency vehicles. • Recognize the factors that contribute to the incidence of accidents involving emergency vehicles.

  10. Perspective Misconception …to rely solely on the fact that there are laws governing emergency vehicle response and that this will insure a safe emergency vehicle response.

  11. On-Duty Firefighter Deaths1977 - 1999 Source: U. S. F.A, Annual Firefighter Fatality Studies 1977-99 * NFPA Journal

  12. Emergency Vehicle Incidents Based on Frequency of Accidents 13% 11% 45% 7% Intersections 24% Source: VFIS

  13. Emergency Vehicle Incidents Based on Severity of Accidents 13% 8% 29% 5% Intersections 45% Source:VFIS

  14. Contributing Factor 59% 53% 21% 21% 18% 12% 8% 8% Source: VFIS

  15. Intersection Accident Details Type of Response Warning Devices Percent of Reported Incidents Emergency Lights/Siren 68 % Emergency Lights Only 8 % Emergency Neither 2 % Emergency Unknown 1 % Return from Emergency Lights Only 1 % Return from Emergency Neither 2 % Training Neither 1 % Other Neither 5 % Unknown Unknown 12 % Source: VFIS

  16. Impacts of Vehicle Accidents • Personnel Injury or Death to Emergency Responders • Peripheral Injury or Death to Others • Vehicle and Equipment Loss • Long Term Impact

  17. Emergency Vehicle Incidents • Rock Springs Teen Dies in Collision • Suburban Van at Intersection • Pumper Experiences Rear-End Collision • Civilian Fatality at Intersection Accident • Tanker Rolls Over, Driver Killed • County Firefighter Killed in Head-On Collision with Fire Truck

  18. Unfortunately, the story continues…. California Texas Oklahoma North Carolina Indiana Wisconsin

  19. Criminalization of Emergency Service Personnel Ohio Texas Georgia

  20. Module IIIPersonnel Selection Objectives • Recognize that proper personnel selection procedures are the first steps in developing an effective program. • Understand that the human aspects of driver selection are an important component of the process. • Recognize that a number of abilities necessary for driving must be acquired.

  21. Module IIIPersonnel Selection • Recognize the importance of maintaining accurate and complete personnel records. • Understand the importance of maintaining proficiency through an on-going re-certification program.

  22. Importance of Driver Selection • Human Aspects • Acquired Abilities • Vehicle Characteristics • Personnel Records

  23. Human Aspects • Attitude • Knowledge • Mental Fitness • Judgment • Physical Fitness • Age • Habits • Driving Characteristics

  24. Acquired Abilities • Driver’s License • State and Local Laws • Defensive Driving Techniques • Vehicle Characteristics

  25. Defensive Driving Techniques • Space Management • Following Distance and Rate of Closure • Hazard Identification • Correct Braking Techniques

  26. Vehicle Characteristics • Type of Emergency Vehicle • Vehicle Components and Features • Special Driver Training

  27. Personnel Files • Training Records • Physical Capability • Driving Record • Suspected Substance Abuse

  28. Driver Re-certification • Actual Emergency Vehicle Driving Experience • Observed Proficiency • Time Since Last Re-certification • Introduction of New Vehicles • Introduction of New Technology

  29. Module IVNecessity of SOGs Objectives • Understand the reasons that SOGs are important to operating an effective driver training program. • Recognize the subject areas for SOGs that impact the certification, operation, and re-certification of emergency vehicle drivers.

  30. Significance of SOGs • All Personnel Understand What is Expected or Required • Intended Compliance with All Necessary Requirements is Identified • Pre-planned and Agreed Upon Actions • Resource Documents Upon Which to Base Training • Required Anticipated Actions

  31. SOG Subject Areas • Eligibility Requirements for Drivers • Training and Proficiency Testing Requirements for Drivers • Emergency Response Procedures and Requirements • Customary and Ordinary Operational Procedures • Special Situation Procedures

  32. Module VLegal Aspects Objectives • Understand the changing legal climate which exists and its impact upon emergency vehicle drivers and the organization. • Identify the primary legal principles which affect drivers and recognize their implications upon emergency vehicle operation.

  33. Module VLegal Aspects • Recognize that specific state driving laws affect the emergency vehicle driver. • Recognize that individual state or local laws, standards, and requirements impact emergency vehicle driver training and operations.

  34. Five Categories of Requirements • State motor vehicle and traffic laws • Nationally recognized standards • State and federal occupational and safety regulations • Local ordinances • Organizational policies, procedures, and guidelines

  35. Changing Legal Climate • Concept of public kindness • “King can do no wrong”

  36. Legal Principles and Terms • Subject to laws unless specific exemption exists • Exemptions apply only to true emergencies • Emergency vehicle drivers can be found criminally and/or civilly liable

  37. Legal Principles and Terms • True Emergency • Due Regard • Negligence • Gross Negligence • Willful and Wanton • Vicarious Liability

  38. Legal Principles and Terms Judicial review based on …. • Was it a true emergency? • Was due regard for the safety of others exercised?

  39. Emergency Vehicle Driving Laws • CDL requirements • Exemptions granted to emergency vehicle drivers • Requirements for members of the public • Requirements for emergency responders in POVs

  40. Other Requirements and Standards • National Fire Protection Association Standards • State Laws and/or Administrative Regulations • Local Ordinances or Statues • Organizational Rules and Regulations and Standard Operating Guidelines

  41. Module VIVehicle Dynamics Objectives • Understand the physical forces which act upon vehicles and their impact upon vehicle handling. • Recognize that certain vehicle characteristics can influence the impact of physical forces on emergency vehicles.

  42. Physical Forces • Friction • Velocity • Momentum • Inertia • Centrifugal Force

  43. Physical Forces Friction – resistance to motion between two moving objects that touch. • Tire/Road Friction • Brake Friction • Steering Friction

  44. Physical Forces Velocity – speed • Acceleration (velocity increase) • Deceleration (velocity decrease) • Braking (velocity decrease)

  45. Physical Forces Directional Control – a derivative of three factors. • Steering • Turning • Tracking

  46. Physical Forces Momentum – is measured as the product of the object’s mass or weight times its velocity. Inertia – the force it takes for a moving object to stay in motion in the same direction.

  47. Physical Forces Centrifugal Force – the force caused by inertia, which tends to make a rotating body move away from the center of rotation.

  48. Physical Forces Centrifugal Force

  49. Vehicle Characteristics • Total weight and weight distribution • Suspension system • Braking system(s) • Baffling system

  50. Vehicle Characteristics Total weight and weight distribution • Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) • Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) or (GCWR) • Weight Distribution – horizontal and vertical centers of gravity

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