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Unit 3: Migration

Migration. A type of mobilityMigration is a permanent move to a new locationMigration = relocation diffusionEmigrationImmigration. Why Do People Migrate?. Characteristics of migrantsMost long-distance migrants areMaleAdultsIndividualsFamilies with children = less common. Why Do People Migrate?.

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Unit 3: Migration

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    1. Unit 3: Migration

    2. Migration A type of mobility Migration is a permanent move to a new location Migration = relocation diffusion Emigration Immigration

    3. Why Do People Migrate? Characteristics of migrants Most long-distance migrants are Male Adults Individuals Families with children = less common

    4. Why Do People Migrate? Characteristics of migrants Gender Traditionally, males outnumbered females In the United States today, 55 percent of immigrants = female Family status In the United States today, about 40 percent of immigrants = young adults, aged 2539

    5. Why Do People Migrate? Reasons for migration Most people migrate for economic reasons Push and pull factors Economic: people move away from places with poor economic opportunities and toward places with better ones Cultural factors Forced migration (e.g., slavery, refugees) Political factors Environmental factors

    6. Refugees: Sources and Destinations

    7. Why Do People Migrate? Reasons for migration Push and pull factors Intervening obstacles Historically, intervening obstacles = environmental Transportation technology = limited environmental intervening obstacles

    8. Questions 1. Describe what the most common long distance migrant is like. 2. Give an example of a push factor for the United States. Give an example of a pull factor for the United States.

    9. Why Do People Migrate? Distance of migration Internal migration Two types: Interregional migration = movement from one region to another Intraregional migration = movement within a region

    10. Why Do People Migrate? Distance of migration International migration Two types: Voluntary Forced Migration transition International migration is most common in countries that are in stage 2 of the demographic transition

    11. Global Migration Patterns

    12. Why Do Migrants Face Obstacles? Immigration policies of host countries U.S. quota laws The Quota Act (1921) The National Origins Act (1924) Temporary migration for work Guest workers Time-contract workers

    13. Why Do Migrants Face Obstacles? Distinguishing economic migrants from refugees Emigrants from Cuba Emigrants from Haiti Emigrants from Vietnam

    14. Why Do Migrants Face Obstacles? Cultural problems faced while living in host countries U.S. attitudes towards immigrants Attitudes toward guest workers

    15. Questions 3. What is the difference between an economic migrant and a refugee? 4. What do you the three largest groups of international refugees are?

    16. Where Are Migrants Distributed? Global migration patterns Net out-migration: Asia, Africa, and Latin America Net in-migration: North America, Europe, and Oceania The United States has the largest foreign-born population

    17. Net Migration by Country

    18. Where Are Migrants Distributed? U.S. migration patterns Three main eras of migration Colonial migration from England and Africa Nineteenth-century immigration from Europe Recent immigration from LDCs

    19. Migration to the United States

    20. Migration to the United States from Latin America

    21. Where Are Migrants Distributed? Impact of immigration on the United States Legacy of European migration Europes demographic transition Stage 2 growth pushed Europeans out 65 million Europeans emigrate Diffusion of European culture

    22. Where Are Migrants Distributed? Impact of immigration on the United States Unauthorized immigration 2008 = estimated 11.9 million unauthorized/ undocumented immigrants About 5.4 percent of the U.S. civilian labor force Around 59 percent are undocumented immigrants from Mexico

    23. Where Are Migrants Distributed? Impact of immigration on the United States Destinations California = one-fifth of all immigrants and one-fourth of undocumented immigrants New York = one-sixth of all immigrants Chain migration

    24. Questions 5. Most migrants to the United States during the peak of the 1840s and 1850s came from which part of Europe? 6. What was the primary reason why Europeans migrated to the United States?

    25. Why Do People Migrate Within a Country? Migration between regions of a country U.S. settlement patterns Colonial settlement Early settlement in the interior (early 1800s) California Gold Rush in the 1840s Great Plains settlement Recent growth of the South

    26. Changing Center of the U.S. Population

    27. U.S. Interregional Migration

    28. Why Do People Migrate Within a Country? Migration between regions of other countries Russia Komsomol Government incentives in Brazil and Indonesia Economic migration within European countries Restricted migration in India

    29. Migration in Europe

    30. Why Do People Migrate Within a Country? Intraregional migration in the United States Migration from rural to urban areas Primary reason = economic migration Migration from urban to suburban areas Primary reason = suburban lifestyle Migration from urban to rural areas Counterurbanization

    31. Intraregional Migration in the United States

    32. Questions 7. In the United States, why is there a current migration trend to the South? 8. How did the Brazilian government encourage interregional migration?

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