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Lab Activity 11: Group I

Lab Activity 11: Group I. Muscles Martini Chapter 11. Portland Community College BI 231. Origin and Insertion. Origin: The place where the fixed end attaches to a bone, cartilage, or connective tissue. Insertion: The site where the movable end attaches to another structure.

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Lab Activity 11: Group I

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  1. Lab Activity 11: Group I Muscles Martini Chapter 11 Portland Community College BI 231

  2. Origin and Insertion • Origin: The place where the fixed end attaches to a bone, cartilage, or connective tissue. • Insertion: The site where the movable end attaches to another structure.

  3. Muscles of facial Expression

  4. frontalis Epicranial Aponeurosis • Frontal belly • Action:Elevates eyebrows and wrinkles skin of forehead • Origin:Epicranialaponeurosis • Insertion: skin of eyebrow and bridge of nose

  5. Occipitalis • Occipital belly • Action:Pulls scalp posteriorly; wrinkles skin on posterior surface of neck • Origin: Superior nuchal line on occipital bone • Insertion: Epicranialaponeurosis (Galeaaponeurotica)

  6. Nasalis • Action:Compresses nostrils, dilates nostrils • Origin: Maxillary bone and cartilage of nose • Insertion: Bridge of nose

  7. Orbicularis Oculi • Action:Closes eyelids; acts during squinting and blinking • Origin: Medial aspect of bony orbit • Insertion: skin around eyelids

  8. Orbicularis Oris • Action:Closes and purses lips as in speaking, kissing and whistling • Origin: Maxillary bone; mandible • Insertion: lips

  9. Zygomaticus Major • Action:Elevates corner of mouth • Origin: Zygomatic bone • Insertion: Angle of mouth

  10. Zygomaticus minor • Action: Raises upper lip. • Origin: Zygomatic bone • Insertion: Upper lip

  11. Mentalis • Action: Protrudes lower lip; wrinkles skin on chin • Origin: Anterior surface of mandible • Insertion: skin of chin

  12. Risorius • Action: Draws corner of mouth laterally • Origin: fascia of masseter • Insertion: corner of mouth

  13. Muscles of Mastication

  14. Masseter • Action:Elevates mandible to close jaw; protrudes mandible • Origin:Zygomatic arch • Insertion: lateral surface of the mandibularramus

  15. Temporalis • Action:Elevates and retracts mandible to close jaw • Origin: Temporal bone • Insertion: coronoid process of mandible

  16. SUPERFICIAL MUSCULATURE OF THE NECK

  17. Sternocleidomastoid • Action: Flexion and lateral flexion of neck; rotates head so that face is turned superiorly and to the opposite side. • Origin: Manubrium; medial third of clavicle • Insertion: Mastoid process

  18. Omohyoid • Action: Depresses and retracts hyoid bone • Superior belly • Origin: Clavicle and first rib • Insertion: hyoid bone • Inferior belly • Origin: superior margin of scapula • Insertion: clavicle and first rib

  19. Thyrohyoid • Action: Depresses hyoid bone; elevates larynx • Origin: thyroid cartilage of larynx • Insertion: hyoid bone

  20. Sternohyoid • Action: Depresses larynx and hyoid bone during swallowing. • Origin:Manubrium • Insertion: Hyoid bone

  21. Stylohyoid • Action: Elevates and retracts hyoid bone during swallowing and speaking • Origin: Styloid process of temporal bone • Insertion: hyoid bone

  22. Mylohyoid • Action: Elevates hyoid bone and floor of mouth during swallowing and speaking • Origin: Inferior margin of mandible • Insertion: Hyoid bone

  23. DigastricAnterior Belly • Action: Elevates hyoid bone and base of tongue, depresses mandible • Origin: inferior margin of mandible • Insertion: Hyoid bone

  24. DigastricPosterior Belly • Action: Moves hyoid bone back • Origin: mastoid process • Insertion: Hyoid bone

  25. MUSCLES OF THE NECK & BACK

  26. ScalenesAnterior • Action: Laterally flexes of neck • Elevates rib 1 during forced inspiration • Origin: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae. • Insertion: 1st rib

  27. ScalenesMiddle • Action: Lateral flexion of neck • Elevates rib 1 during forced inspiration • Origin: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae. • Insertion: 1st rib

  28. ScalenesPosterior • Action: Elevates 2nd rib, • Elevates rib 2 during forced inspiration • Origin: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae. • Insertion: 2nd rib

  29. Levator Scapula • Action: Elevates scapula and inferior rotation of scapula • Origin: Transverse processes of superior four cervical vertebrae • Insertion: medial border of scapula near superior angle

  30. Rhomboid Minor • Action: Adducts scapula and performs downward rotation • Origin: Ligamentumnuchae; spinous processes of vertebrae C7 and T1 • Insertion: Medial border of scapula

  31. Rhomboid Major • Action: Adducts scapula and performs downward rotation • Origin: Spinous processes of vertebrae T2-T5. • Insertion: Medial border of scapula

  32. Trapezius • Action: Elevate, retracts and depresses scapula. • Origin: Posterior surface of occipital bone; ligamentunuchae; spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae. • Insertion: Lateral third of clavicle; acromion; spine of scapula

  33. Latissimus Dorsi • Action: Extension, adduction and medial rotation of arm • Origin: Spinous processes of vertebrae T6-T12; thoracolubar fascia; iliac crest; inferior three ribs • Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus

  34. Erector Spinae • Action: Extension of vertebral column • Iliocostalis • Spinalis • Longissimus • Origin: Thoracolumbar fascia; posterior surface of lacrum; iliac crest; spinous processes of T11-T12 and L1-L5.

  35. Erector spinae • Insertion: • Iliocostalis: angles of ribs and transvers processes of C4-C6 • Longissimus: transverse processes of thoracic and cervical vertebrae, etc. • Spinalis: spinous processes of thoracic and cervical vertebrae

  36. Inferior Serratus Posterior • Aka: serratus posterior inferior • Action: Pulls ribs down, resisting pull of the diaphragm • Origin: spinous processes of the lower two thoracic and upper two or three lumbar vertebrae • Insertion: lower borders of the bottom four ribs

  37. Splenius • Action: Extension of head and neck; lateral flexion and rotation of the head and neck • Origin: Spinous processes of inferior cervical and superior thoracic vertebrae • Insertion: mastoid process, occipital bone, and transverse processes of superior cervical vertebrae

  38. Internal Intercostal • Action:Depresses rib cage during forced expiration • Origin: Superior border of inferior rib • Insertion: Inferior border of superior rib

  39. External Intercostal • Action:Elevates rib cage during inspiration • Origin: Inferior border of superior rib • Insertion: Superior border of inferior rib

  40. Serratus Anterior • Action: Holds scapula to chest wall, • Protraction and superior rotation of scapula • Origin: External surfaces of ribs 1-8 • Insertion: Medial border of scapula

  41. Pectoralis Minor • Action:Draws scapula down and forward and elevates ribs • Origin: External surfaces of ribs 3-5 • Insertion: Coracoid process of scapula

  42. Pectoralis Major • Action:Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates humerus, draws body upward in climbing • Origin: Medial half of clavicle; sternum; costal cartilages of ribs 1-6 • Insertion: lateral lip of intertubercular groove on humerus

  43. Subscapularis • Action: Adduction and medial rotation of arm. • Origin: Subscapular fossa of scapula • Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus

  44. Supraspinatus • Action: Abduction of arm • Origin: supraspinous fossa of scapula • Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

  45. Infraspinatus • Action: Lateral rotation of arm • Origin: Infraspinous fossa of scapula • Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

  46. Teres minor • Action: Lateral rotation of the arm • Origin: Lateral border of scapula • Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

  47. Teres major • Action: Extension, adduction and medial rotation of arm • Origin: Scapula, near inferior angle • Insertion: medial lip of intertubercular groove of the humerus

  48. Deltoid • Action: • Anterior fibers: medial rotation and flexion of arm • Middle fibers: abduction of arm • Posterior fibers: lateral rotation and extension of arm

  49. Deltoid • Origin: Lateral third of clavicle; acromion process; spine of scapula • Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

  50. Diaphragm • Action: Increases volume of thoracic cavity by pulling central tendon inferiorly • Origin: Xiphoid process and inferior six ribs • Insertion: central tendon of diaphragm

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