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Solar Panels: Our Future May Lie in its Hands

Solar Panels: Our Future May Lie in its Hands. Lee Liak Ghee (10) Tay Wee Shing Kervin (23) Loh Wei Kiat (12) Class: 2I3. Agenda. About Solar Panels Proposal for New Solar Panel Project @ HCI How to Make Solar Panels – The Eco-Friendly Way

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Solar Panels: Our Future May Lie in its Hands

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  1. Solar Panels:Our Future May Lie in its Hands Lee Liak Ghee (10) Tay Wee ShingKervin (23) Loh Wei Kiat (12) Class: 2I3

  2. Agenda • About Solar Panels • Proposal for New Solar Panel Project @ HCI • How to Make Solar Panels – The Eco-Friendly Way • Consumption of Electricity @ 2I3 Classroom – Worth? • Solar-Powered Devices • Future Applications of Solar Panels • Quiz • Website • Bibliography

  3. About Solar Panels Some Background Information to Start Off

  4. Agenda (About Solar Panels) • Solar Panels Application • Types of Solar Panels • Monocrystalline Solar Panel • Polycrystalline Solar Panels • String Ribbon Silicon Solar Panel • Amorphous Silicon Solar Panel • Angle of Inclination

  5. Solar Panels Application • Makes Use of Photovoltaics to Convert Light into Electricity • Some Materials have the Photoelectric Effect which Absorb Protons & Releases Electrons • Electricity Produced can be Used as Electricity when Free Electrons are Captured

  6. Types of Solar Panels • Monocrystalline Solar Panels • Polycrystalline Solar Panels • String Ribbon Silicon Panels • Amorphous Silicon Panels

  7. Monocrystalline Solar Panel • Most Effective Solar Panel – Efficiency Rate from 14% to 18% • Made from Silicon • Material Increases Conductivity & Excite more Electrons for More Electricity • Most Expensive Method

  8. Polycrystalline Solar Panels • Slightly Less Effective than Monocrystalline • Efficiency Rate From 12% to 14% • Made up of Individual Photovoltaic Cells • Cheapest and Most Cost-Efficient Solar Panel

  9. String Ribbon Silicon Solar Panel • Similar to Polycrystalline in Terms of Efficiency Rate & Construction Method • Cost of Production is Slightly more Expensive than Polycrystalline

  10. Amorphous Silicon Solar Panel • Lowest Efficiency Rate From 5% to 6% • Only Made of Semi-Conductor Materials like Copper • Extremely Cheap, but Not Worth it in the Long Run

  11. Angle of Inclination • Solar Panels are NEVER Placed Flat • Differing Inclination Angles in Different Countries • To Maximise Efficiency Rate • Prevents Dust from Collecting/Rainwater to Flow Down • Optimum 17 Degrees in Singapore

  12. Proposed New Solar Panel Project @ HCI We Can Play Our Part Too

  13. Agenda (Proposed Solar Panel Project) • Solar Panel Project Application • Current Statistics @ HCI • New Project Statistics • Conclusion

  14. Solar Panel Project Applications • New Project to be @ High School Multi-Story Carpark

  15. Current Statistics @ HCI • Total number of Panels : 84 • System Size : 15.120 kW • Total number of Inverters : 3 (each for a set of 28 panels) • Estimated Electricity Generated (Day) : 70 kWh • Estimated Electricity Generated (Month) : 2,100 kWh • Estimated Electricity Generated (Year) : 25,550 kWh • Estimated Saving per year : $7,200 • Estimated Carbon Reduction per year : 8 tons • System turn on date : 15 June 2011 • Years to date Electric to grid : 3,220 kWh

  16. New Project Statistics • Total number of Panels : 84 + 293 = 377 • System Size : 15.120 kW + (738.72 kW / 14 = 53.766 kW) = 68.886 kW • Total number of Inverters : 3 + (293/28 rounded up = 11) = 14 (each for a set of 28 panels) • Estimated Electricity Generated (Day) : 70 kWh + (293 * 70/84 = 244 kWh) = 314 kWh • Estimated Electricity Generated (Month) : 2,100 kWh + (244 * 30 = 7,320 kWh) = 8,420 kWh • Estimated Electricity Generated (Year) : 25,550 kWh + (244 * 365 = 89,060 kWh) = 114,610 kWh • Estimated Saving per year : $7,200 + (7,200/84 * 293 = $25,114) = $32,314 • Estimated Carbon Reduction per year : 8 tons + (8/84 * 293 = 28 tons) = 36 tons

  17. Conclusion Electricity Savings Per Year: $22,533.23 Electricity Savings Over Solar Panels Life Period (25 Years): $563,330.75

  18. How to Make Solar Panels The Eco-Friendly Way

  19. Agenda (How to Make Solar Panels) • Materials Needed • Experimental Procedure • End Results • FAQs

  20. Materials Needed • Two Square-Shaped Pieces of Glass, measuring 3cm by 3cm • Titanium Dioxide (Very Expensive Chemical) • Any Species of Leaves/Flowers or Any Spread such as Jam/Kaya • Glucose

  21. Experimental Procedure • Mix the Titanium Dioxide with the Glucose which will form a Liquid • Grind the Leaves/Flowers (If Being Used) • Apply the Liquid Formed on One Side of Each Glass • Put the Grinded Leaves/Flowers or Spread the Jam/Kaya on the Same Side of One Piece of the Glass • “Paste” the Two Glass Pieces Together • Allow Product to Dry under the Sun

  22. End Results • Low Efficiency Rate, Compared to Average of 14% • Unable to Power Anything • Will Produce 0.000006kWh (Measured from Data logger)

  23. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) • Dose the Choice of Specimen Affect the Efficiency Rate of the Solar Panels? No, but Specimens have a Variety of Colour tend to have better results • Does the Amount of Specimen Affect the Efficiency Rate of the Solar Panels? Not Proven Yet, but there should not be an “Overdose” which will Cause the Product not to “Stick” Together

  24. Electricity Consumption in HCI Comparison Between Clock Tower and Block C Classrooms

  25. Agenda (Electricity Consumption in HCI) • Class 2I3 Electrical Appliances • Class 2I3 Electricity Consumption • Class 2I3 Grand Total • Clock Tower Electrical Appliances • Clock Tower Electricity Consumption • Clock Tower Grand Total • Conclusion

  26. Class 2I3 Electrical Appliances • Fans x 3 (7 Hours) • Lights x 6 (7 Hours) • Projector cum Visualizer x 1 (4 Hours) • Laptops x 5 (3 Hours) • Wi-Fi System x 1 (24 Hours) • Speakers x 2 (1/2 Hour) Key: Electrical Appliance x Quantity (Amount of Time used per Day)

  27. Class 2I3 Electricity Consumption • Fan -55 Watts x 3 x 7 = 1155 Watts • Light – 25 Watts x 6 x 7 = 1050 Watts • Projector cum Visualizer -50 Watts x 1 x 4 = 200 Watts • Laptop – 35 Watts x 5 x 3 =525 Watts • Wi-Fi System – 7 Watts x 1 x 24 = 168 Watts • Speakers – 56 Watts x 2 x ½ = 56 Watts Key: Electrical Appliance - Electricity Consumption per Hour x Quantity x Amount of Hours Used per Day = Total Amount

  28. Class 2I3 Grand Total Grand Total of Electrical Consumption in Classroom per Day = 3154 Watts/h or 3.154 kWh

  29. Clock Tower Electrical Appliances • Fans x 3 (7 Hours) • Lights x 6 (7 Hours) • Projector cum Visualizer x 1 (4 Hours) • Laptops x 5 (3 Hours) • Wi-Fi System x 1 (24 Hours) • Speakers x 2 (1/2 Hour) • Air Conditioner x 1 (7 Hours) Key: Electrical Appliance x Quantity (Amount of Time used per Day)

  30. Clock Tower Electricity Consumption • Fan -55 Watts x 3 x 7 = 1155 Watts • Light – 25 Watts x 6 x 7 = 1050 Watts • Projector cum Visualizer -50 Watts x 1 x 4 = 200 Watts • Laptop – 35 Watts x 5 x 3 =525 Watts • Wi-Fi System – 7 Watts x 1 x 24 = 168 Watts • Speakers – 56 Watts x 2 x ½ = 56 Watts • Air Conditioner – 3500 x 1 x 7 = 23500 Watts Key: Electrical Appliance - Electricity Consumption per Hour x Quantity x Amount of Hours Used per Day = Total Amount

  31. Clock Tower Grand Total Grand Total of Electrical Consumption in Classroom per Day = 27654 Watts/h or 27.654 kW

  32. Conclusion Number of Classrooms (Non Air-Conditioned) to be Powered by Solar Panels: Electricity Generated / Electrical Consumption in 1 Classroom = 70 kWh / 3.154 kWh = 22.19

  33. Solar-Powered Devices Have You Seen them Today?

  34. Agenda (Solar-Powered Devices) • Solar-Powered Phones • Solar-Powered Cars • Solar-Powered Calculators • Solar-Powered Boats

  35. Solar-Powered Phones • Released by Samsung in 2009 • Made from Eco-Friendly Materials Cover Made from Recycled Bottles Packaging Made from Recycled Paper • Has Built-In Pedometer & CO2 Emission Calculator

  36. Solar-Powered Cars • Can Only Travel Up to 48 km/h on Average • Solar Cells Can be Added (Range: $10 - $400) • After “Upgrade”, Speed will be 2 Times Faster Can Travel Up to 96 km/h

  37. Solar-Powered Calculator • Doesn’t require battery • Powers as long as it is under light

  38. Solar-Powered Boat • World’s largest solar powered boat • Speed of 15 miles per hour • Targets to tour the world

  39. Future Applications of Solar Panels They May Save Mother Earth

  40. Agenda (Future Applications) • “Lighthouse” Idea • Solar Panels on Planes

  41. “Lighthouse” Idea • Solar Panels can ONLY Work During Daytime • To use Light from the “Lighthouse” • “Solar-Tracking System” to track “Lighthouse’s Light” • Rays are Directed Using Mirrors • Thus, Solar Panels can Work 24/7

  42. Solar Panels on Planes • Planes Come into Direct Sunlight during Flight • Clouds Usually Affect Efficiency Rate of Solar Panels Currently: • Proposing to Have More of These Planes, Including Passenger & Cargo Planes

  43. Website Here is the Link to Our Website: http://hciterm4solar2i345.wiki.hci.edu.sg/

  44. Solar Panels Quiz Here’s the Link to the Quiz: http://www2.hci.edu.sg/y10hci0162/solarquiz/start.html

  45. Bibliography • ABS Alaskan (2008, January 10). Power Consumption Table. Retrieved 27 September, 2011 from http://www.absak.com/library/power-consumption-table • Coolest Gadget (2011). World's Largest Solar-Powered Boat on a World Tour. Retrieved 26 September, 2011 from http://www.coolest-gadgets.com/20110902/worlds-largest-solarpowered-boat-world-tour/ • How Stuff Works (2011). How Solar Cells Work. Retrieved 26 September, 2011 from http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/energy/solar-cell.htm • How Stuff Works (2011). How can solar panels power a car? Retrieved 26 September, 2011 from http://auto.howstuffworks.com/fuel-efficiency/vehicles/solar-cars.htm • Solar buzz. (2011). Solar Market Research and Analysis - Facts and Figures. Retrieved 28 September, 2011, from http://www.solarbuzz.com/facts-and-figures • Solar cell. (2011, September 28). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved September 29, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell

  46. Bibliography • Solar panel. (2011, September 27). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved September 27, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panel • Solar Panel Center. (2011). How Much Money Can Installing Solar Panels Really Save? Retrieved 27 September, 2011 from http://www.solarpanelcenter.net/How-Much-Money-Can-Installing-Solar-Panels-Really-Save.php • Solar Panel Center. (2011). Types of Solar Panels. Retrieved 27 September, 2011 from http://www.solarpanelcenter.net/Types-of-Solar-Panels.php • Technology Review. (2007, March 5). Cheap Nano Solar Cells. Retrieved 28 September, 2011 from http://www.technologyreview.com/Nanotech/18259/

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