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Higher Education Commission. Powering the Knowledge Economy. Prof. Dr. Javaid R. Laghari Chairperson Higher Education Commission. FUNCTI Development and Knowledge Economy ONS OF THE HEC.
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Higher Education Commission Powering the Knowledge Economy Prof. Dr. Javaid R. Laghari Chairperson Higher Education Commission
FUNCTI Development and Knowledge Economy ONS OF THE HEC • World Bank identifies Education and Skilled Force, ICTs and Innovation as three of the four essential pillars of a Knowledge Economy. • The World Economic Forum Global Competitiveness Report 2011-12 identifies Higher Education & Training, Technology Readiness and Innovationas three of twelve pillars for Knowledge Economy. • According to Richard Florida, the author of the creative class, “Wherever creativity goes, and by extension, wherever talent goes – innovation and economic growth are sure to follow”.
Not only do higher education institutions help impart the behavioral, cognitive, and technical skills that make workers effective in the labor market, they are increasingly valued as the engines of research that can drive innovation, entrepreneurship, and productivity Putting Higher Education to Work: Skills and Research for Growth in East Asia World Bank East Asia and Pacific Regional Report, 2012
The University of Today • The modern university, with its mix of teaching, innovation and research, is different from the universities of yesteryears, which only served as teaching grounds. • By introducing innovation, creativity and interdisciplinary research as a vital component of teaching, and with knowledge exchange programs, the university contributes more directly to the economy and the society than many other institutions in the country.
Tertiary Enrollment & GDP Pakistan
FUNCTI Universities, Technology and Innovation ONS OF THE HEC • Research & Innovation leading to Entrepreneurship is the key to economic development Innovation is largely carried out at universities & institutions of higher learning. • Universities is an instrument in industrial countries for accelerating technology to enable them to stay ahead of competition. • World War II was a boom for research and development at the universities: The jet engine, nuclear power, radar, computers, and many other technologies took root in the 1940s in the research labs of the universities.
Technology Startups ONS OF THE HEC • New small businesses are the ones creating jobs, according to a study by Kauffman Foundation. • Since 1980, nearly all net job creation in the US occurred in firms less than 5 years old. Over the last 4 years, these young start-up created two-thirds of all new jobs. • Apple startup 1976, valuation $ 508 b, annual sales $ 128 b, total of devices 200 m • Pakistan startup 1947, GDP (ppp) is $480 b, exports are $ 30 b, Population is 180 m • Facebook startup 2004, , valuation $ 104 b, 900 m users • Instagramstartup Oct 2010, 13 employees, bought for $ 1 b in cash by Apple in April 2012
ONS OF THE HEC Universities and Technology Parks in US • Stanford University triggered the establishment of the Silicon Valley. HP was the first company to start in a garage in 1939. • MIT and Harvard are responsible for over 1500 hi tech companies around Route 128 in Boston. An example of a success story: Companies established just by MIT have turnover exceeding $11 trillion, roughly the size of Korea's current GDP. • North Carolina State University and Duke University initiated the Research Triangle (home to some of the largest R&D operations in the world).
Technology Parks and Europe • The Cambridge Science Park, founded by Trinity College in 1970 is the oldest science park in the United Kingdom. It has strong links with the nearby University of Cambridge. • Ireland is a modern knowledge economy. Since 1970, 17 Institutes of Technology have been established in Ireland. Today, in terms of GDP per capita, Ireland is ranked as one of the wealthiest countries in the OECD.
Recession and R&D • Finland, despite a major banking crisis in 1993, loss of trade and high inflation, invested in R&D, and its economy grew. • It ranks first in the number of researchers per 1000 population. With a population less than half that of Karachi, its one high tech company, Nokia, has more exports ($ 48 b) than all of Pakistan ($ 24 b)
Asian Tigers • East Asian Tigers South Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan followed Japan’s example through the development of high tech universities, innovation & entrepreneurship in the 1960s and the 70s. • The fruits are clear: Singapore’s economy grew 189 fold since becoming independent from Malaysia – its per capita rising from $512 in 1965 to $36,537. • South Korea became an economic superpower in less than four decades, increasing its GDP from $3.9 billion in 1960 to over $264 billion in 1990 to $ 1.5 trillion now.
Emerging Asian Knowledge Economies • Turkey in the last 20 years has built over 43 technology parks attached to its universities • The largest ones at METU, ITU and Bilkent University with over 700 companies generate revenues of over $ 750 million. • Turkey’s GDP has grown to over 10% this year, with exports exceeding $ 111 billion. • In Malaysia, Educity in the Johor peninsula across from Singapore is building seven universities in a development zone three times the size of Singapore, expecting to attract over $100 billion investment in two decades
Gulf Countries and Knowledge Economy • Saudi Arabia is building up world class universities. • King Saud University is now ranked among leading Asian universities. • King Abdullah University of Science and Technology was established with a $ 10 billion endowment. Facilities for research include the fastest supercomputer in the Middle East and one of the most powerful in the world, capable of 222 teraflops, or 222 trillion floating point operations per second. • Qatar and UAE have their own knowledge cities • Iran has excellent universities and an exponential increase in research. It plans over 50 Technology Parks by 2015
South Asia • India is investing heavily in higher education. Over the next five years, it will establish 200 new universities. Nine new IITs will be established, bringing the total number of IITs to 16. • BanglaDesh to model their UGC along HEC Pakistan • SriLanka after years of investing in school education have realized the importance of investing in higher education
Higher Education Commission Serving as an Engine for the Socio-Economic Development of Pakistan
Quaid-e-Azam, Islamabad. (National Centre for Physics) 5 MV Tandem Accelerator (Scientific R&D)
University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore Architectural Engineering MTDC Centre Female Student Service Centre Site Development at Faisalabad Campus
Pakistan’s Score on selected indicators on Global Competitiveness Index Global Competitiveness Reports World Economic Forum
PAKISTAN: Finally Arriving on World Scene! • According to QS Asian University Rankings 2012 Six Pakistani universities rank in top 300 • NUST (108-150), University of Karachi (191-200) , Aga Khan University (201-250), UET Lahore(201-250) , LUMS (251-300) , University of Lahore (251-300) • According to QS World University Rankings 2011, two Pakistani Universities rank among the Top 300 Technology Universities of the World! • NUST at 274 and UET Lahore at 281
Shifting Role of HEIs New Role Traditional Role SOCIO-ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION 28
HEC’s New Initiatives • Five Technology Incubators established in 5 universities (UAF, UET-P, UVAS, NUST and COMSATS). • Seventeen ORICs have been established, 13 more to be established in next two years • Three Centers of Advanced Study and Research (Energy, Food Security, Water) launched • Six Incubators plus one Technology Parks (Islamabad) on the anvil. 30
2011-15: HEC Strategic Focus Socio-Economic Development of Pakistan
It’s high time we woke up to focus on investing in quality higher education, research, innovation and entrepreneurship, and create a knowledge economy, or Continue being left behind other nations
