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Ramses I, Seti I & Ramses II. Ramses I. Ramses I continued. Ramses I was the founder of the 19 th dynasty. He was the grandfather of Ramses II. His birth name, Ramses means "Re has Fashioned him".
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Ramses I continued • Ramses I was the founder of the 19th dynasty. • He was the grandfather of Ramses II. • His birth name, Ramses means "Re has Fashioned him". • Ramses was not of royal blood, but was an army officer who was the son of a troop commander and judge. His mother is unknown.
Ramses continued • Early on in the reign of Ramses I, his son Seti was appointed vizier and commander of Sile. • After his death, Ramses I was buried in a small tomb in the Valley of the Kings on the West Bank of Thebes (modern Luxor). • Ramses I only ruled Egypt for about two years, which hardly gave him time needed to make his mark in Egyptian history.
Seti I continued • Seti I was the father of Ramses II, and was in his own right also a great leader. • He ruled Egypt for about 13 years from 1291 through 1278 BC. • In order to rectify instability he early on set a policy of major building at home and a committed foreign policy.
Seti I continued • Seti was the son of Ramses I and his queen, Sitre. • Seti ruled as co-regent before his father’s death. • In the building projects that Seti I undertook, the quality of the reliefs and other designs were never surpassed by later rulers. • He is responsible for beginning the great Hypostyle Hall in the Temple of Amun at Karnak.
Ramses II continued • better known as Ramses the Great, the third ruler of Egypt's 19th Dynasty during the prosperous New Kingdom.
Peter A. Clayton on Ramses II: • "During his long reign of 67 years, everything was done on a grand scale. No other pharaoh constructed so many temples or erected so many colossal statues and obelisks. No other pharaoh sired so many children. Ramesses' 'victory' over the Hittities at Kadesh was celebrated in one of the most repeated Egyptian texts ever put on record. By the time he died, aged more than 90, he had set his stamp indelibly on the face of Egypt."
The Battle of Kadesh • The Battle of Kadesh is one of the most well known campaigns of history because it is the earliest battle that can be reliably reconstructed in detail from various records on both sides of the conflict. • Fought between Ramses II and the Hittites under King Muwatallish, along with his allies. • The battle was over control of Syrian territory.
Battle of Kadesh continued • The Hittite army of 37,000 footsoldiers and 3500 chariots was hiding behind the tell of Kadesh, but Ramses believed false rumors that his enemy was still near Haleb. • After beating what he thought was the truth out of two captured Hittites, he held a council of war and the vizier in a chariot and a rider on horseback were dispatched south to hasten the progress of the Ptah division. • While the Amen division was setting up camp, 2500 Hittite chariots attacked the marching Re division in two waves. The other two Egyptian divisions were still on the far side of the river Orontes (Arnath) near the town of Sabtuna.
Battle of Kadesh continued • The Hittites dispersed the Amen division and began pillaging the Egyptian camp. The Pharaoh, fighting among his body guard with his back to the river, looked lost.
Battle of Kadesh continued • Ramses reorganized his forces and the Hittites escaped being surrounded by the Egyptians by retreating towards Kadesh.
Results of the battle • Ramesses II later signed a treaty with the Hittites which would forever place Kadesh out of Egyptian hands. • From this, it is evident that no real victory took place, or at least not one that gave Ramesses II an obvious edge over his enemies.
Your task… • Research the life of Nefertari, Ramses II’s favourite wife: • Who was she? • Why was she favoured? • Why is she remembered? • What did she build? • Use your text and the Web.
