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Introduction to Forensic Science: Methods and Evidence in Crime Investigation

Forensic science employs scientific knowledge and methods to address legal questions, aiding in crime investigation. An investigative team utilizes inquiry skills such as observing, inferring, predicting, and developing hypotheses. Observing gathers evidence through our senses, while inferring offers reasoned opinions based on observations. Predictions about future events are made using past experiences. A hypothesis serves as a potential explanation for collected observations. Forms of evidence include witness statements, crime scene items, and test results. Effective crime scene security and thorough recording are vital for accurate investigations.

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Introduction to Forensic Science: Methods and Evidence in Crime Investigation

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  1. Lecture: Forensic Science

  2. Forensic Science is the use of: * scientific knowledge * scientific methods to answer legal questions.

  3. An investigation team uses inquiry skills to help solve crimes. These skills include:* observing* inferring* predicting* developing a hypothesis.

  4. Observing to find evidence:Using one or more of your senses to gather information. Usually:* Sight* Smell* Hearing* (rarely taste/touch)Observing is used to find evidence which can be presented in court to make a point during a trial.

  5. Inferring* is offering a reasoned opinion based on observations and experience.* Uses ability to reason rather than your senses.* Inferences usually require further investigation

  6. Predicting is stating an opinion about what will happen in the future. * Use observations to make predictions* try to decide what to do next - people who steal collections usually try to sell them nextPredictationsare made by crime solvers based on their past observations and experiences.

  7. A hypothesis is a possible explanation from a set of observations.* Can be more than one reasonable hypothesis for a given set of facts

  8. Forms of Evidence Used in Solving A Crime:* Statement from a witness* Item collected at a crime scene* Results of tests done on an item collected at scene* The place an item is found can be used as evidence.All evidence/observations can be used as clues to help solve a crime.

  9. Securing and Recording a Crime SceneThere are two ways make a crime scene secure.1. Establish clear boundaries.2. Limit entry to the crime scene

  10. Recording a Crime Scene1. Photographs2. Videos3. Sketches4. Scale Drawings5. Note Taking

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