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The Henrician and Edwardian Reformation, Marian Reaction, and Elizabeth I. Henry VIII held no Protestant convictions. He objected to papal control of the English Church not for doctrinal reasons, but because he believed that he should be its Supreme Head.
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The Henrician and Edwardian Reformation, Marian Reaction, and Elizabeth I Henry VIII held no Protestant convictions. He objected to papal control of the English Church not for doctrinal reasons, but because he believed that he should be its Supreme Head. In 1521 Henry VIII published a book in defense of the seven sacraments against the ideas of Martin Luther (in the actual writing he was helped by Sir Thomas More,) and willingly accepted from the Pope the reward of the title of "Defender of the Faith."
Arthur, Prince of Wales[1500] Young Henry VIII
Henry VIII’s CHildren 1510 Daughter - died1511 Son - died1513 Son - died1514 Son - died1516 Mary - survived1518 Daughter - died1533 Elizabeth - survived1534 Son - died1535 unknown - died1536 Son - died1537 Edward- survived
Henry Fitzroy (1519-36), Duke of Richmond (1525):Illegitimate Son of Henry VIII
The Henrician Reformation • Catherine of Aragon bore one surviving child- Mary. • Catherine was in her early 40s • Henry asked Pope Clement VII (via Wolsey) for an annulment based on Lev. 18:16 & 20:21 • He fancied Anne Boleyn • C V (HRE) influenced Clement • NO ANNULMENT
Henrician Reformation • The Reformation Parliament (1529-36) andthe twisting of the Papal arm • Charged English Clergy with praemunire • "Submission of the Clergy" (May 1531) • Act in Conditional Restraint of Annates (1532) • Act in Restraint of Appeals (1533) • January 1533, Henry VIII married the pregnant Anne Boleyn, and in May Cranmer dutifully declared the marriage to Catherine invalid. A daughter, Elizabeth, was born in September 1533.
Henrician Reformation • 1534 Act of Supremacy stated simply that the English Monarch (in this case H8) was “the only supreme head on earth of the Church of England.”
Anne of Cleves Miniature • Henry referred to Anne as “The mare of Flanders” and the union was over with very quickly. Hans Holbein, who painted and delivered the portrait of Anne to Henry was fired.
The Edwardian Reformation • Raised as a Protestant, E VI makes more concrete changes in English Church doctrine • Cranmer introduces the Book of Common Prayer (1549) (: /) • The Act of Uniformity 1549 (An Acte for the unyformytie of Service and Admynistracion of the Sacramentes throughout the Realme.) • All images in churches to be dismantled • Celibacy no longer required by clergy • Lady Jane Gray named as heir
Lady Jane Grey “Ruled” England from July 10–19, 1553
The Marian, or, Catholic Reaction/Restoration • 1st Act of Parliament was to have H8’s marriage to her mother validated thus invalidating everything that followed. • Cardinal (Pole) became Archbishop of Canterbury (Cranmer’s fate) • Married Philip II of Spain • All who were found guilty of heresy were executed (Foxe’s Book of Martyrs) • Mary dies, 1558, childless
Elizabeth I,Queenat last! r. 1558 - 1603