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Models of Social Change: Evolution, Cycle, Functionality, Conflict

Explore theories of social change by prominent sociologists such as Ibn Khaldun, Auguste Comte, Karl Marx, Herbert Spencer, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber, and Lewis Morgan. Understand the evolution, cycles, functioning, and conflicts in societal development.

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Models of Social Change: Evolution, Cycle, Functionality, Conflict

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  1. Social Change

  2. TeoriPerubahanSosial • Teori Evolusi • Teori Siklus • Teori Fungsional • Teori Konflik

  3. 1. IbnuKhaldun • Manusiasebagaimakhluksosial • Masyarakatprimitif Vs MasyarakatKota

  4. Masyarakat Kota Masyarakat Primitif • Perubahan sosial menurut Khaldun

  5. 2. Auguste Comte • Tiga tahap perkembangan manusia & masyarakat • Teologis • Metafisik • Positivistik

  6. 3. Karl Marx • Kontradiksi  dialektika • Perubahan / perkembangan di masyarakat mengikuti hukum di atas: • tesis – antitesis – sintesis • Sistem sosial di masyarakat: • Kelas buruh (proletar) Vs Kelas pemilik modal (borjuis)

  7. 3. Karl Marx Komunis Kapitalis Semakin individual, hubungan kepemilikan Borjuis Pembagian kerja & kepemilikan semakin ketat Feodal Mulai pembagian kerja,kepemilikan diakui KomunalPurba Primitif Perubahan sosial menurut Marx

  8. 4. Herbert Spencer • Masyarakat seperti organisme • Masyarakat berubah dari homogen  heterogen • Perubahan dalam masyarakat: • 1. Masyarakat sederhana • 2. Masyarakat kompleks • 3. Masyarakat lebih kompleks • 4. Peradaban

  9. 5. Emile Durkheim • Pembagian kerja dalam masyarakat • Masyarakat tradisional  masyarakat industri • Solidaritas mekanik  solidaritas organik • Solidaritas mekanik terbentuk karena kesamaan peran anggota masyarakat • Solidarita organik terbentuk karena adanya perbedaan dalam masyarakat

  10. 6. Ferdinand Tonnies • Gemeinschaft (Community) Vs Gesselschaft (Society)

  11. 6. Max Weber • Masyarakat agraris  Masyarakat modern

  12. 7. Lewis Morgan • Antropolog • Teknologi dasar dan penggerak utama perubahan masyarakat dan cara hidup manusia Beradab Ilmu pengetahuan, huruf, tulisan Barbarisme Pertanian, teknik irigasi, peralatan besi Kebuasan Pola hidup sederhana, teknologi rendah, api, tembikar

  13. Tugas Kelompok: • Masing-masingkelompokmencaridanmengidentifikasi model • perkembanganmasyarakatberdasarkan: • IbnuKhaldun • Auguste Comte • Karl Marx • Herbert Spencer • Emile Durkheim • Max Weber • Lewis Morgan

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