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Introduction to Anti-Semitism and the beginnings of extermination.

Introduction to Anti-Semitism and the beginnings of extermination. Main debates in historiographical Holocaust. What are the arguments on why Hitler proceeded to commit genocide ? Intentionalism - Hitler intended to murder all Jews from an early date.

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Introduction to Anti-Semitism and the beginnings of extermination.

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  1. Introduction to Anti-Semitism and the beginnings of extermination.

  2. Main debates in historiographical Holocaust • What are the arguments on why Hitler proceeded to commit genocide? • Intentionalism- Hitler intended to murder all Jews from an early date. • Functionalism/Structuralism- The murder of European Jewry was a function of the Nazi State’s structure

  3. Phases of Nazi Anti-Semitic Policy • Phase 1- Legal persecution and exclusion from German society (1933-1938). • Phase 2- Forced emigration and expansion of the Judenfrage(1938-1941). • Phase 3- Extermination of European Jewry (1942-1945).

  4. Phase i Legal ways in which the Nazi regime persecuted Jewry. Minor: • April boycott(1933). • Re-establishment of the Professional Civil Service, 1933.

  5. Phase I continued The major law in which instituted Jewish discrimination • The Nuremberg Laws (1935). • Two degrees of considering who was a Jew, called Mischling. • Does this sound familiar towards anything done in any other countries?

  6. Phase II • Forced emigration and expansion of the Judenfrage. • Flight tax implemented called, reichsfluchtstuer.. • Laws on names were made to identify Jews (1938). • Jewish passports with stamps.

  7. Phase ii continued • What event ushered in the 2nd phase of Nazi persecution of Jews? • The Kristallnacht that took place 11/91938. • Outbreak of war impacts Nazi Jewish policy. • Quota systems placed on the Jews, making it hard to escape and flee from war and persecution.

  8. Phase III • Extermination of European Jewry . • Jews are forced to move into Ghettos. • Conditions in Ghettos are horrible. • What happened in these Ghettos? • Ghettos administered through Schenllbrief.

  9. Phase iii continued • Extermination & eugenics program performed on all unwanted people or attributes. • Operations and decrees make mass killings legal in Germany. • Code name T4 implemented. • Operation Barbarossa implemented.

  10. Operation Barbarossa • The new policy which Operation Barbarossa instated made it easy for Nazi Germany to round up all Jews and start committing mass murder. • Why would the Nazis make the decision to murder all the Jews? • Those who would round up the Jews were called the Einsatzgruppen.

  11. Conclusion • The Jewish community went through stages of persecution starting with legal rights to persecute, emigration, and then extermination. • Hitler believed he could get away with it, used the cover of war to cloud intentions. • More than 5 million individuals are killed because of decrees and policy.

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