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Comprehensive Guide to Networking Commands and Tools for System Administrators

This guide explores essential networking commands and tools vital for system administrators, covering Linux, Windows, and Unix systems. It provides detailed insights into commands such as ipconfig, netstat, and traceroute. Users will learn how to manage network connections, diagnose issues, and enhance security. The document provides examples for various operating systems, making it a practical reference for both beginners and experienced administrators. Stay equipped with knowledge on networking basics to optimize and troubleshoot server performance effectively.

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Comprehensive Guide to Networking Commands and Tools for System Administrators

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    1. ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ? ????? ???? ??????? : ????? ????? ??? ??? ????

    2.

    3. ????? ??? ?????? ?????=???????? Hacker(1 (??? ?????? ???? ????)Wacker(2 (??? ?????? ???? ????)Cracker(3 Preaker(4

    4. ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ????: server????? ????? ???? ???? ?? 1.???????? ????: Unix(freebsd,linux,sun solaris) Windows(nt,2000) 2.???????? ?????: DEC20,DEC10,IRIS,AIX,……

    5. ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??????. Linux ? Win2000.1 ????. c???? ?? ??????? ???? .2

    6. IP ????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ????.

    7. Command prompt 1.Start>Programs>Accessories>Command Prompt 2.Run>command or cmd

    8. ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???????? ??: IP???? ????

    9. ????: IP??? ??? ???? ????? ????

    14. ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???????: IP?? ??? ????? 1.ipconfig 2.netstat -n

    15. Ipconfig ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????: ??????. Ip Address??? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ip?? ????

    16. Netstat -n ??? ?? ?? ????? ???. Ip???? ???? Local Address????? ?? ??? ?????

    18. :yahoo messenger ?? chat??? ????? ????? IP ???? ???? 1.netstat –n,netstat 2. X-NetStat ??????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ? ??? ??????

    19. Netstat -n ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????: Proto Local Address Foreign Address State TCP 195.219.176.126:1296 66.163.173.77:5050 ESTABLISHED TCP 195.219.176.126:1341 66.218.75.149:80 LAST_ACK TCP 195.219.176.126:1325 212.234.112.74:5101 SYN_SENT ?? ???? 5101 ????? ????.Foreign Address ??Local Address ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??

    20. Netstat Active Connections Proto Local Address Foreign Address State TCP artawill...:1296 cs55.msg.sc5.yahoo.com:5050 ESTABLISHED TCP artawill...:1298 dl3.yahoo.com:http TIME_WAIT TCP artawill...:1325 Mahtab:5101 SYN_SENT

    21. X-NetStat ??? ?????

    22. PORT ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????.?? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???.EMAIL???????? 25 ???? ?????

    23. ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????: Port Num Service Why it is phun! -------- ------- ---------------------------------------- 7 echo Host repearts what you type 9 discard Dev/null 11 systat Lots of info on users 13 daytime Time and date at computers location 15 netstat Tremendous info on networks 19 chargen Pours out a stream of ASCII characters. 21 ftp Transfers files 23 telnet Where you log in. 25 smpt Forge email 37 time Time 39 rlp Resource location

    24. 43 whois Info on hosts and networks 53 domain Nameserver 70 gopher Out-of-date info hunter 79 finger Lots of info on users 80 http Web server 110 pop Incoming email 119 nntp Usenet news groups -- forge posts, cancels 443 shttp Another web server 512 biff Mail notification 513 rlogin Remote login Who Remote who and uptime 514 shell Remote command, no password used! syslog Remote system logging 520 route Routing information protocol

    25. ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??? 7?15?23?25?79?80?110?119???? ???? ?? ???????.

    26. telnet ????. telnet ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?? ????

    27. ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????: 1.nestat –an 2.netstat -a

    30. Ping ?? ?? ?? ????? ???? Ip or domain???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ??

    31. ?????: ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???.

    32. ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???: ip??? ???? ?? ??

    33. Tracert ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ? ?? ?? ???????????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??? ????. ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???:

    35. ?????

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