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The Impact of Geography on Trading Centers During the Commercial Revolution

This lesson explores the influence of geography on the development of major trading centers, focusing on New York City as a modern example. The advantages NYC has for trading will be discussed, including its strategic location, access to shipping routes, and infrastructure. Students will also engage in a hypothetical scenario as merchants traveling trade routes between 500-1650 A.D., identifying challenges faced along the journey. Additionally, an examination of historical documents will reveal factors behind increased food supply, the role of guilds, and the growth of towns during this transformative period.

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The Impact of Geography on Trading Centers During the Commercial Revolution

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  1. Commercial Revolution Aim/Goals: Why did geography influence the development of major trading centers? Do Now: NYC is a major trading center. Using the world map, discuss in a few sentences what advantages does NYC have for trading? Homework: You are a merchant between the years 500-1650 AD traveling along the trade routes. In a paragraph, describe the difficulties and dangers you face.

  2. Document #1“A Growing Food Supply” Read “Why did the food supply increase?” Answer the following question: • Give three reasons why the food supply increased. The three reasons why the food supply increased was __________________ _________________________________ _________________________________

  3. 4 Agricultural Revolution New farming technologies iron plow harness windmill three-field system Increase in food production Population explosion Between 1000 and 1300, the population of Europe doubled.

  4. Document #2“The Guilds” Read “What were the guilds?” Answer the following question: 2. What were two kinds of guilds? The two kinds of guilds are _________________________________ _________________________________

  5. Medieval Guilds Guild Hall • Commercial Monopoly: • Controlled membershipapprentice journeyman  master craftsman • Controlled quality of the product [masterpiece]. • Controlled prices

  6. Document #3“The Commercial Revolution” Read “Why did trade and finance increase?” Answer the following question: 3. How did ways of doing business increase? Ways of doing business increased because __________________________________ __________________________________.

  7. 4 A Commercial Revolution The revival of trade led to a revolution in commerce. As trade revived, merchants needed money to buy goods. The reintroduction of money led European merchants to develop new business practices, such as - setting up banks - joining together to set up partnerships - developing insurance - adopting the bill of exchange

  8. Document #4“Why did towns grow larger?” Read “Why did towns grow larger?” Answer the following question: 3. Why did peasants move into towns? Peasants moved into towns because ___________________________

  9. 4 Trade in Medieval Europe, 1000–1300 Europe’s growing population needed goods that were not available to them. As foreign invasions and feudal warfare declined, trade increased. Key Cities: Genoa, Italy Venice, Italy Canton, China Cairo, Egypt

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