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Warmup (5 min)

Warmup (5 min). Bozo Joe was asked to write the formula for silver nitrate. He wrote (NO)Ag3. What did he do wrong? 2. When one formula unit of barium phosphate dissociates, how many ions are produced? Write this equation. You need your packet today. Find crystal models!. Solids and

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Warmup (5 min)

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  1. Warmup (5 min) • Bozo Joe was asked to write the formula for silver nitrate. He wrote (NO)Ag3. What did he do wrong? 2. When one formula unit of barium phosphate dissociates, how many ions are produced? Write this equation. You need your packet today

  2. Find crystal models! Solids and Naming Molecular Compounds and Acids

  3. Solids amorphous solids • show no definite structure, supercooled liquids. • SiO2 (glass), plastic, rubber • crystalline solids • orderly, repeating, 3 dimensional pattern • atomic, ionic, and molecular

  4. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Metallic solids: atoms release their valence electrons, forming cations fixed in a “sea” of mobile electrons • Atomic Solids • - “network covalent crystals” • crystals and clusters of pure elements (noble gases, metals, graphite, etc) e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e-

  5. all nonmetal atoms, held together with covalent bonds • molecules held together by intermolecular forces in a pattern that maximizes the attractive forces between the molecules ex. sucrose, ice Molecular Solids

  6. ZnS CaF2 • Ionic solids • cations and anions held together with ionic bonds • arranged in a crystal lattice that maximizes ion interaction • anions are packed close, with the small cations occupying the “holes”

  7. Dissociation of Compounds What is happening between each water molecule and each cation and anion in the ionic compound? Ionic compounds separate into ions when dissolved in water NaCl(s)  Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq) Write an equation showing the dissociation of potassium dichromate in water. K2Cr2O7(s)  2K+(aq) + Cr2O72-(aq) Ions are more attracted to the water molecules than to each other!

  8. Molecular compounds dissociate into individual molecules when they dissolve in water - some don’t even dissolve in water at all Write an equation showing how carbon tetrafluoride (CF4) dissolves in water CF4(s)  CF4(aq) Write an equation showing how table sugar (C12H22O11) dissolves in water C12H22O11 (s)  C12H22O11 (aq) Write an equation showing how aluminum permanganate dissolves in water Al(MnO4)3(s)  Al3+(aq) + 3MnO4-(aq)

  9. Ionic compounds have high melting pointsMolecular compounds have low melting pointsWHY???? • Melting of Compounds • heat energy causes particles to move faster and intermolecular forces will weaken and break • Melting point depends on strength of the forces holding the structure together triple covalent bond double covalent bond Van der waals forces (IM) single covalent bond ionic bond force strength stronger weaker

  10. Naming Molecular Compounds This molecule can be referred to as: H2NCONH2 or CH4ON2 or urea So, what would we call the molecule below? (H2NCONH2)2 Diurea

  11. Write the prefix that represents each number below: 1 2 3 4 5 mon di tri tetr pent 6 7 8 9 10 hex hept oct non dec

  12. Name each molecular compound below *if there is only 1 of the first element then there is no need for mono! nitrogen triodide dihydrogen monoxide phosphorous pentachloride carbon monoxide tetraphosphorusdecoxide dinitrogentetroxide nitrogen trihydride NI3 H2O PCl5 CO e. P4O10 f. N2O4 g. NH3

  13. Write the formula of each molecular compound N2O3 CCl4 N2O5 GeH4 SiO2 P4O6 a. dinitrogen trioxide b. carbon tetrachloride c. dinitrogen pentoxide d. germanium tetrahydride e. silicon dioxide f. tetraphosphorus hexoxide

  14. Name the following compounds: uranium hexafluoride copper (II) nitrate sulfur hexafluoride dinitrogentetrahydride magnesium hydroxide tin(II) chloride sodium carbonate hydrogen phosphate (this has other accepted names) • UF6 • Cu(NO3)2 c. SF6 d. N2H4 e. Mg(OH)2 f. SnCl2 g. Na2CO3 h. H3PO4

  15. Octocarbon-nonohydrogen-dioxygen-tetranitride But NO ONE calls it that. Common names: Caffeine 3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine; trimethylxanthine Name the molecule shown: 8 carbon atoms 9 hydrogen atoms 2 oxygen atoms 4 nitrogen atoms C8H9O2N4 C C C C C

  16. How do you name each of these? H2S H2SO4 H2SO3 The name for each of these compounds is NOT “sulfuric acid”. They are all different! HCl HClO2 HClO3 HClO4 The name for each of these compounds is NOT “hydrochloric acid”. They are all different!

  17. Naming Acids Binary Acids: an acid that contains H and one other element Rules for naming binary acids: 1. Prefix “hydro” is used. 2. The root of the anion is used. 3. The suffix “ic” is used. • The word “acid” is 2nd word in the name. Ex. HCl H2S Hydrochloricacid Hydrosulfuricacid

  18. Oxyacids: an acid with H, oxygen, and a 3rd element (usually a nonmetal). Rules for naming oxyacids: 1. No prefix is used. 2. The root of the anion is used. 3. Change “ite” suffix to “ous”; change the “ate” suffix to “ic” (I ate an icky bug) • The word “acid” is 2nd word in the name. Ex. H2SO4 H2SO3 sulfatesulfite SulfuricacidSulfurousacid

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