How Do Scientists Work In A Lab?

1. How Do Scientists Work In A Lab? • Lab Safety • Safety rules (AISD and Class) • MSDS and Chemical Labels • MSDS LAB • MSDS LAB Quiz

2. The laboratory is a place for serious work. • Always practice lab safety rules. • Points will not be given for following the rules, but points will be lost by not following them. • Never, under any circumstances, attempt an unauthorized experiments. Accidents and trouble will be avoided by following this simple rule.

3. Always wear protective goggles when in the laboratory... from the moment you enter the lab to collect materials until the time you have finished cleaning up. Contact lens wearers must know the added dangers of contact lenses. Handle all chemicals at arms length.

7. Any accident involving even a minor injury must be reported to the instructor at once. • Beware of hot glass. Hot glass looks like cold. • Watch for small chips and cracks on glassware and let your teacher know so that she will dispose of them.

8. YOU MUST WEAR CLOSE TOE SHOES ON LAB DAYS! • All books, coats, and other personal effects should remain at your desk or in the designated cabinets. • Before you move to your lab stations arrange chairs to provide an easy exit in case of an emergency.

9. When observing the odor of a substance, do not hold your face directly over the container. • Fan a little of the vapor toward yourself by sweeping your hand over the top of the container. (wafting) • Do not touch, smell or taste chemicals unless directed to do so!!!

10. When heating a test tube, start heating gently by moving the tube in and out of the heat source. Be aware of how easily liquids start to boil. • Do not point your test tube at your neighbor or yourself when heating substances. A suddenly formed bubble of vapor may eject the contents violently and dangerously.

11. Smother any fires with a fire blanket. • Fire blanket may be used to smother fires or act as a dam for spilled liquids. • Know the location of the fire extinguisher, fire blanket, and eyewash in the laboratory. • Know how to use the sink as an eyewash. • As a rule, wash eyes for 15 minutes.

12. When diluting concentrated acid, pour the acid slowly and carefully into the water. • ALWAYS ADD ACID TO WATER!!! • Keep stirring continuously as you add the acid to dissipate the heat of solution which can cause the solution to boil and splatter.

13. If an acid or other chemical is spilled on your skin, wash it off immediately with water. • If an acid or base is spilled on the counter call your teacher to clean it up.

14. Throw all solids to be discarded into waste buckets or as directed by teacher... never into the sinks where it will clog the drains. • Liquids are emptied into the sinks and washed down with water unless special handling is required... special waste containers will be indicated.

15. Always read the labels twice before taking anything from a bottle... many chemicals have similar names. • Use as little chemical as is convenient to perform your experiment or fill your apparatus... you can always come back for more. • NEVER return unused chemicals to the dispensing bottle to prevent contamination.

16. The electronic balances are expensive and somewhat fragile. Do not press on balance pan (they are not designed to move). • Balances must be calibrated by the first person to use them each period. • Never place chemicals directly on balance pans... they can chemically react with many of the salts we used in class. • A quarter sheet of notebook paper makes a good weighing paper.

17. Keep an eye on your neighbor while in the laboratory to see that she or he is also obeying the rules... • Remember, the accident that harms you may not be your own.

18. Always keep your apparatus and lab station clean. • Make sure all spills are wiped up. • YOU know what those spills are... acid and water look the same to the next student using that station. • The student who picks up and sets up the apparatus needs to return the apparatus to the same place.

19. CHEMICAL LABEL

22. Practice • When a 10% hydrochloric acid solution is heated in an open test tube, the test tube should always be pointed- • A so bubbles are visible • B at a 180° angle from the flame • C toward a ventilated area • D away from nearby people

23. The reason for wafting or fanning a small amount of chemical vapors toward the nose as a means to detect odors in a test tube is to — • A avoid experimental error from excessive loss of mass of reactants or products • B avoid splashing chemicals into the face of any person • C protect the respiratory tract against potentially harmful vapors • D determine the relative strength of the odor before smelling directly

24. Laboratory equipment is cleaned and properly stored after use primarily so that — • A chemical products can be measured and recorded as data • B time is saved in setting up the next experiment • C toxic materials can be kept in the laboratory • D the possibility of contamination in the laboratory is minimized

25. The safest way to dilute concentrated sulfuric acid is to add — • A a series of small volumes of water to the acid while stirring • B the acid to water slowly while stirring constantly • C the acid to a small volume of water and then add more water • D dilute sulfuric acid to a small volume of the concentrated acid

26. TThis picture indicates that the chemical represented is — • F pressurized • G corrosive • H flammable • J toxic

27. The anatomy of grasshoppers is being studied in a dissection lab. Working in groups of three, students make observations using a hand lens, forceps, and a scalpel. • Two of the students in a group have finished their observations. These two students may do all of the following except — A remove their goggles B review their notes C wash their hands D assist their lab partner