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Identification of insect pests and IPM methods for control

Identification of insect pests and IPM methods for control. Kris Braman University of Georgia. Integrated Pest Management IPM. Use of all available tactics to maintain pests at acceptable levels including: Mechanical Biological Cultural Chemical Regulatory.

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Identification of insect pests and IPM methods for control

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  1. Identification of insect pests and IPM methods for control Kris Braman University of Georgia

  2. Integrated Pest ManagementIPM • Use of all available tactics to maintain pests at acceptable levels including: • Mechanical • Biological • Cultural • Chemical • Regulatory

  3. Components of Integrated Pest Management • Diagnosis and detection; pest (and beneficial!) identification • Monitoring and assessment • Understanding pest and beneficial biology and life cycles • Develop a control strategy • Implement a control strategy • Evaluate the level of control

  4. Key plant/Key pest • Common features of landscape • Regularly prone to particular pests

  5. Crapemyrtle Pest Management Calendar

  6. Crape myrtle aphid

  7. Japanese beetle

  8. Table 1. Mean + % Japanese beetle damage or number of crapemyrtle aphids after application of products for insect control on crapemyrtle

  9. Table 2. Mean + s.e. number of crapemyrtle aphids on crapemyrtle after application of insecticides

  10. Japanese beetle and aphid control trials on crapemyrtle • Greatest reduction in Japanese beetle damage was evident with bifenthrin and lambda cyhalothrin. • Bifenthrin, lambda- cyhalothrin, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam were the most effective among twelve insecticides tested in a field trial for suppression of both naturally occurring aphids and beetles.

  11. Altica sp. flea beetles

  12. Oenothera missouriensis and O. speciosa Gaura (whirling butterfly) Epilobium fleischeri Zauschneria garretti Linum flavum Alfalfa Ribes aureum 'Currant' Crabapple Grape Orange flowering fuschia Coyote willow Wild rose Sedums (ground cover type) Prunus besseyi Chickweed Oenothera speciosa (Showy primrose, Onagraceae) O. laciniata (Cutleaf evening primrose, Onagraceae) O. lamarckiana (Evening primrose, Onagraceae) O. missouriensis (Missouri primrose, Onagraceae) O. fruticosa (Sundrops, Onagraceae) Cuphea (Mexican heather, Lythraceae) Gaura lindheimeri (Whirling butterflies, Onagraceae) Lythrum salicaria (Purple loosestrife, Lythraceae) Host Plants

  13. Crapemyrtle resistance to Altica • Acoma • Apalachee • Biloxi • Lipan • Natchez • Osage • Tonto • Tuscarora • Wichita • Yuma

  14. Holly Pest Management Calendar

  15. Southern Red Mite Damage

  16. Twolined spittlebug • 137 holly species and cultivars evaluated for resistance to adult feeding • 63 taxa were undamaged by TLS • Species generally resistant included I. vomitoria, I. cornuta, I. glabra, I.verticillata

  17. Twolined spittlebug • 10 taxa were highly susceptible • High susceptibility in hollies with I. cassine or I. opaca parentage

  18. Columbine leafminer and parasites

  19. Florida wax scale • 231 holly selections evaluated • Taxa rated as most resistant included I. crenata, I. buergeri, I. glabra, I. myrtifolia, I. verticillata, I. vomitoria within parental lines • Heavy infestations on I. cornuta, I. cassine, I. opaca and others

  20. Azalea/Rhododendron Pest Management Calendar

  21. Common Insect and Mite Pests of Azaleas • Azalea lace bug • Azalea caterpillar • Azalea bark scale • Southern red mite • Azalea leaf miner • Cranberry rootworm • others

  22. Azalea leafminer • Yellow caterpillars ca. 1/2 inch long • small larvae mine leaves • large larvae roll tips of leaves • two applications two weeks apart in April

  23. Azalea caterpillar • Red to brown with white and yellow stripes when small • full grown have a red head and prolegs with white stripes • chemical control most effective on small caterpillars

  24. Southern red mite • Leaves become mottled • cool season Feb-April • Insecticidal soap or horticultural oil

  25. Azalea lace bug • Key pest of azaleas • Four generations per year • Optimize control with first generation • Many natural enemies • Resistant azaleas • Aesthetic Injury Levels

  26. Azalea lace bug • 17 species or cultivars of native azaleas evaluated • High levels of resistance found in 3 azalea species • Piedmont, Plumleaf and Pinxterbloom azalea

  27. Predaceous plant bugs

  28. Azalea lace bug egg parasite

  29. Azalea bark scale • Plants may appear yellow and covered with black sooty mold • insects on twigs appear cottony or waxy • Treat crawlers in late April-May • prune out infested plant parts

  30. Cranberry rootworm • Small shiny black-green beetles • Feed at night and hide in litter during day • Remove litter and weeds from area • Usually most common in dense shade

  31. Cranberry rootworm • Piedmont azalea moderately resistant • Pinxterbloom highly susceptible • DVW highly resistant

  32. Symptoms of plant problems caused by insects • Chewed or tattered foliage or blossoms • Stippled (flecked), yellowed, bronzed or bleached foliage • Distortion of plant parts • Dieback of plant parts • Insect or insect-related products

  33. Chewed or Tattered Foliage or Blossoms • Larvae of moths or butterflies • Larvae of or adult beetles • Sawfly larvae • Grasshoppers • Snails and slugs

  34. Sawflies- Red-headed pine sawfly

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