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Key Figures in History: Thomas Edison, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Rosa Parks, Martin Luther King Jr.

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  1. SOL Key People to Know

  2. Thomas Edison • Thomas Edison • Lighting and mechanical uses of electricity • Now “See in the Dark”, work longer!

  3. Alexander Graham Bell • Telephone services • Improved Communications

  4. Jane Addams • Founded Hull House • It helped immigrants, learn English. • Served meals. • Daycare

  5. Chief Joseph • Indian Policies and War • I Will Fight No More Forever • Manifest Destiny not good for Native Americans

  6. Booker T (Training) Washington • Believed equality could be achieved through vocational (job) education. • Accepted separate but equal

  7. W.E.B Dubois • Believed in full political, civil and social rights for African Americans • Deboyz, Degirlz full freedom

  8. John D. Rockefeller • Captain of Industry. • Standard Oil Company • Exxon

  9. Andrew Carnegie • Captain of Industry • Steel • Bessemer Process • Made steel stronger • Skyscrapers

  10. Henry Ford • Assembly Line • Model T • Improved Transportation • More Jobs

  11. Susan B. Anthony • Worked for woman’s suffrage (vote)

  12. Franz Ferdinand • His Assassination by Princip started World War I. • 1914-1918 • U.S. joined in 1917 Lusitania/Unrestricted sub warfare and Zimmerman Telegram

  13. Woodrow Wilson • President • Prepared a peace plan called the 14 points • Point #14 League of Nations “Baby” • Cause of WWII could not keep peace

  14. Guglielmo Marconi • Developed the Radio

  15. Wright Brothers • Inventors of the Airplane • First flight Kitty Hawk, North Carolina

  16. David Sarnoff • Development of the Broadcast industry • Sign on Sign off=Broadcasting

  17. Georgia O’Keefe • Artist, painter • Southwest scenes and urban scenes

  18. F. Scott Fitzgerald • Book “Great Gatsby” • About Jazz age/1920’s • How spoiled and selfish they were

  19. John Steinbeck • Book “Grapes of Wrath” • About poor migrant workers going to California and their struggles

  20. Aaron Copland • Composer (wrote songs) • American music

  21. George Gershwin • Composer (wrote songs) • America Music

  22. Jacob Lawrence • African American painter • During Harlem Renaissance • Painted Great Migration North

  23. Langston Hughes • Poet • During Harlem Renaissance • Combined the experiences of African American cultural roots

  24. Duke Ellington • Jazz Musician • During Harlem Renaissance

  25. Louis Armstrong • Jazz Musician • During Harlem Renaissance • Known for Trumpet playing

  26. Bessie Smith • Blues Singer • During Harlem Renaissance

  27. Franklin D. Roosevelt • Developed the New Deal to help people during the Great Depression • Social Security • Planted Trees • Build roads, dams • Put people to work • WWII

  28. Adolf Hitler • Fascist Nazi Totalitarian Dictator of Germany • Responsible for the Holocaust, killing 6-9 million of the Jewish Race and others • Axis Power • Used Depression to rise to power (Hope)

  29. Benito Mussolini • Fascist Dictator of Italy • Friends with Hitler • Axis power • Used Depression to rise to power (Hope)

  30. Hideki Tojo • Fascist Dictator of Japan • Axis Power • Attacked Pearl Harbor making the U.S. mad enough to join WWII in 1941

  31. Joseph Stalin • Totalitarian Dictator of U.S.S.R • Invaded Poland with Hitler starting WWII in 1939 • Changed sides after Hitler invaded Russia

  32. Harry S. Truman • President of U.S. • Allies • Took over when FDR died • Dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki ending WWII • Truman Doctrine-Help fight communism, contain it, Domino theory

  33. Winston Churchill • Prime Minister of Great Britain • Allies • Last standing before U.S. joined in 1941 • Iron Curtain splits Eur. West Wonderful East Evil

  34. Rosie the Riveter • Symbol of Working Women during WWII • Worked in Defense plants • In Propaganda Posters

  35. George C. Marshall • Marshall Plan • Massive Economic Aid • Give money to Europe to rebuild after WWII • 40 billion • Used to prevent spread of Communism

  36. Eleanor Roosevelt • Expanded Civil Rights • For Women • Supported Tuskegee Airmen

  37. Martin Luther King Jr. • Passive Resistance against segregated facilities. • Peace, Sit ins, Marches, Freedom Riders • March on Washington 1963 • I have a Dream

  38. Rosa Parks • Started the Civil Rights Movement with her action • Action: Not giving up her seat in front. • Montgomery Bus boycott for a year • Ended Segregation on Buses

  39. Charles Drew – blood plasma “Drew – blood” plasma • African American physician and surgeon • helped develop blood banks for WWII

  40. J. Robert Oppenheimer – physics • worked on Manhattan Project to develop atomic bomb for WWII • early leader in theoretical physics

  41. William Shockley, John Bardeen, and Walter Brattain (Bell Labs Team) • won Nobel Prize in Physics in 1956 for inventing transistors • led to computer chip, satellite tech, most modern electronics

  42. Frank Lloyd Wright“Wright Design” Frank Lloyd Wright • greatest American architect • promoted organic architecture (harmonious integration of building, surrounding, and furnishings)

  43. Ansel Adams“Andsell pictures” • photographer famous for black-and-white photos of Yosemite National Park and other places in the American West • environmentalist

  44. Martha Graham“Marvelous dancing Martha” • choreographer • a pioneer of modern dance

  45. Henry Louis Gates • African American scholar, writer, educator • emphasis on black culture

  46. Maya Angelou“Maya love your poetry” Maya Angelou • African American poet, autobiographer • worked with Martin Luther King, Jr. • also involved in stage and film • delivered a poem at Clinton’s 1993 inauguration

  47. William J. Durant • wrote history of Western civilization with focus on social and cultural developments and the experiences of “average” people • Traditionally, history focused on important leaders, politics, and wars.

  48. Bill Gates “Gateway to technology” • computer technology entrepreneur (Chairman of Microsoft) • philanthropist

  49. Ray Kroc • Czech-American entrepreneur • started as Illinois milkshake-machine salesman • partnered with McDonald brothers and eventually bought the rights to their restaurant • used Ford’s assembly-line techniques to revolutionize fast food

  50. Sam Walton • big-business retailer from Oklahoma • started as owner of Ben Franklin stores that beat competition with late hours and low prices, which were made possible by smart deals with his wholesale suppliers • opened Wal-Mart chain in 1960’s in Arkansas • Wal-Mart, Inc. opened the first Sam’s Club in Oklahoma in 1983.

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