1 / 38

Understanding Radioactivity: Measurements, Effects, and Safety in Nuclear Power

This guide explores the fundamentals of radioactivity, detailing background radiation levels which average about 2.4 millisieverts (mSv) per year for humans. It covers SI unit conversions between sieverts, rems, and milirems, common in scientific and public contexts. Symptoms of acute radiation exposure are examined, ranging from mild nausea with low doses to severe health effects and expected death at high levels. Understanding these aspects is vital for safety in nuclear power and health awareness.

reilly
Télécharger la présentation

Understanding Radioactivity: Measurements, Effects, and Safety in Nuclear Power

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Nuclear power

  2. http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2011/explained-radioactivity-0328.htmlhttp://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2011/explained-radioactivity-0328.html Conversion Equivalence

  3. Normal radiation levels are the following The worldwide average background dose for a human being is about 2.4 (millisieverts) mSv per year

  4. SI multiples and conversions Frequently used SI multiples are the millisievert (1 mSv = 10−3 Sv = 0.001 Sv) and microsievert (1 μSv = 10−6 Sv = 0.000001 Sv). Equivalent dose is measured in the United States in rem[3]: 1 rem = 0.01 Sv = 10 mSv 1 mrem = 0.00001 Sv = 0.01 mSv = 10 μSv 1 Sv = 100 rem = 100,000 mrem (or millirem) 1 mSv = 100 mrem = 0.1 rem 1 μSv = 0.1 mrem The rem and millirem (abbreviated mrem), as with other customary units in the United States, are in wider use among the general public, many industries, and government.[3] However, SI units such as the sievert are frequently encountered in academic, scientific, and engineering environments. [edit] Dose examples

  5. Symptom benchmarks Symptoms of acute radiation (dose received within one day):[20] 0 – 0.25 Sv (0 – 250 mSv): None 0.25 – 1 Sv (250 – 1000 mSv): Some people feel nausea and loss of appetite; bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen damaged. 1 – 3 Sv (1000 – 3000 mSv): Mild to severe nausea, loss of appetite, infection; more severe bone marrow, lymph node, spleen damage; recovery probable, not assured. 3 – 6 Sv (3000 – 6000 mSv): Severe nausea, loss of appetite; hemorrhaging, infection, diarrhea, peeling of skin, sterility; death if untreated. 6 – 10 Sv (6000 – 10000 mSv): Above symptoms plus central nervous system impairment; death expected. Above 10 Sv (10000 mSv): Incapacitation and death.

  6. Hourly dose examples Average individual background radiation dose: 0.23μSv/h (0.00023mSv/h); 0.17μSv/h for Australians, 0.34μSv/h for Americans[10][5][11] Highest reported level during Fukushima accident: 1000 mSv/h reported as the level at a pool of water in the turbine room of reactor two.[12][13][14]

  7. NUCLEAR POWER

  8. birds http://www.youtube.com/v/Pl9PTbtZvMw?version=3&hl=en_US&rel=0

  9. Bacteria electricity http://usahitman.com/newpower-ukriver/

  10. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VJfIbBDR3e8 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BdbitRlbLDc&feature=related fukashima http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H0gtkvpYBA4&feature=fvst

  11. Chain reaction http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HmbzJGf90Xc http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JxzPN-vdP_0

  12. Curie health effects http://www.lenntech.com/health-effects-radiation.htm

More Related