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Understanding Density through Measurement and Comparison

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Discover how to calculate density by comparing the mass and volume of different objects. Practice examples and explanations provided for better comprehension.

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Understanding Density through Measurement and Comparison

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  1. Measurements Density

  2. Density Density compares the mass of an object to its volume D = mass = g or g volume mL cm3 Note: 1 mL = 1 cm3

  3. EXAMPLE 1 Osmium is a very dense metal. What is its density in g/cm3 if 50.00 g of the metal occupies a volume of 2.22cm3? D = m / V a) 2.25 g/cm3 b) 22.5 g/cm3 c) 111 g/cm3

  4. SOLUTION 1 b) Placing the mass and volume of the osmium metal into the density setup, we obtain D = m = 50.00 g = V 2.22 cm3 = 22.522522 g/cm3 = 22.5 g/cm3

  5. Volume Displacement A solid displaces a matching volume of water when the solid is placed in water. 33 mL 25 mL

  6. EXAMPLE 2 What is the density (g/cm3) of 48 g of a metal if the metal raises the level of water in a graduated cylinder from 25 mL to 33 mL? 33 mL 25 mL

  7. SOLUTION 2 Volume (mL) of water displaced = 33 mL - 25 mL = 8 mL Volume of metal (cm3) = 8 mL x 1 cm3 = 8 cm3 1 mL Density of metal = mass = 48 g = 6 g/cm3 volume 8 cm3

  8. EXAMPLE 3 Which diagram represents the liquid layers in the cylinder? (K) Karo syrup (1.4 g/mL), (V) vegetable oil (0.91 g/mL,) (W) water (1.0 g/mL) 1) 2) 3) K W V V W K W V K

  9. SOLUTION 3 (K) Karo syrup (1.4 g/mL), (V) vegetable oil (0.91 g/mL,) (W) water (1.0 g/mL) 1) V W K

  10. EXAMPLE 4 The density of octane, a component of gasoline, is 0.702 g/mL. What is the mass, in kg, of 875 mL of octane? m D V

  11. SOLUTION 4 Unit plan: solve for mass in g then convert to kg Setup: 875 mL x m = 614 g 0.702 g/mL = 614.25 g V D 1 kg 1000 g 614 g x = 0.614 kg

  12. EXAMPLE 5 If blood has a density of 1.05 g/mL, how many liters of blood are donated if 575 g of blood are given?

  13. SOLUTION 5 Unit Plan: solve for volume in mL then convert to L 575 g . = 547.619 mL = 548 mL m 1.05 g/mL 1 L . 1000 mL 548 mL x V D = 0.548 L

  14. EXAMPLE 6 You have 3 metal samples. Which one will displace the greatest volume of water? A B C Discuss your choice with another student. 25 g Al 2.70 g/mL 45 g of gold 19.3 g/mL 75 g of Lead 11.3 g/mL

  15. SOLUTION 6 B C A 25 g Al 2.70 g/mL 45 g of gold 19.3 g/mL 75 g of Lead 11.3 g/mL mass density = 9.3 mL = 2.3 mL = 6.6 mL

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