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Trees

Trees. Sweetgum. Liquidambar styraciflua Family: Hamamelidaceae “Hamlet loved sweetgum .” Alternate phylotaxy Star-shaped leaves Serrate leaves Prickly fruit that drops all year Flat twig things Short, fat twigs Shiny buds Ohio is its northern limit Shade intolerant

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Trees

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  1. Trees

  2. Sweetgum • Liquidambar styraciflua • Family: Hamamelidaceae • “Hamlet loved sweetgum.” • Alternate phylotaxy • Star-shaped leaves • Serrate leaves • Prickly fruit that drops all year • Flat twig things • Short, fat twigs • Shiny buds • Ohio is its northern limit • Shade intolerant • Low-land tree/flood plains • Useful wood

  3. Eastern Red Cedar • Juniperusvirginiana • Family: Pinaceae • “My cat,Juniper, is from Virginia.” • Not actually a cedar • Extremely decay resistant • Aromatic wood • Fleshy pine cones • Has scales and awns • Babies have awns • Adults have scales • Characteristic species of old fields • Likes basic soils • Grows on limestone • Shade intolerant • Used for pencils and fence posts

  4. Callery Pear • Pyruscalleryana • Family: Rosaceae • “Pyrus Pears, color your nana rosaceae.” • Dense, white flowers, • Bright red leaves in fall • Bad branch structure • Designed not to reproduce, but failed • Grafted • Invasive • Used for ornamental

  5. Catalpa • Catalpa speciosa • Family: Bignoniaceae • “Catalpa, is that a speciosa? That’s big noniaceae!” • Indian cigars (beans) • Native to Texas • Planted by farmland • Shade intolerant • ornamental

  6. Cucumber Magnolia • Magnolia acuminata • Family: Magnoliaceae • “accumulate the cucumbers” • Alternate leaves • Leaves look tropical • 75-80ft tall • Entire leaf margins • Smaller leaves • Characteristic species of mesophytic forest • Southern Ohio is northern limit • Intermediate to shade tolerant

  7. Umbrella Magnolia • Magnolia tripetala • Family: Magnoliaceae • “Trippin’ on the umbrella shrooms.” • Leaves look tropical • Large leaves • Rounded leaf base • 30-40ft max • Entire leaves • Characteristic species of mesophytic forest • Very shade tolerant

  8. Ginkgo • Ginkgo biloba • Family: Ginkgoaceae • Ancient tree • Fan-shaped leaves • Fruit stinks • Male and female • Urban environment • Short shoot, long shoot

  9. Pine • Pinus sp. • Family: Pinaceae • Needles come in fascicles (bundles) • Poor, sandy, dry soils • Pretty shade tolerant • Used for paper

  10. Redbud • Cerciscanadensis • Family: Fabaceae • “Sir, is the heart of Canada dense? Fab, I see.” • Cordate leaf (heart) • Entire margins • Revolute (rolls in) • Same family as peas • 10-30 ft • Purple spring flowers grow strait from stem • Typically gnarled • Understory plant in eastern deciduous forest • Grows in waste places • Shade tolerant • ornamental

  11. Yew • Taxus sp. • Family: Taxaceae • Can be 20 ft tall • Little red arils • Extremely shade tolerant • Popular ornamental

  12. Honey locust • Gleditsiatriacanthos • Family: Fabaceae • “Honey is all the glitz. Try to can those! Fab, I see.” • Alternate leaves • Big bean pods • Ornamental type has no thorns • Terrible thorns • Leaves are twice pinnately compound • Early successional plant • Extremely shade tolerant

  13. Black Walnut • Juglansnigra • Family: Juglandaceae • “Black monkeys live in the nigra jungle! It’s jug land, see?” • Loses leaves early • Compound pinnately compound leaves • Strong smelling fruit • Monkey face leaf scars • The rachis is usually on the ground • Stout twigs • Can be huge • Mesophytic coves • Shade tolerant • Ornamental • Valuable wood

  14. Spruce • Picea sp. • Family: Pinaceae • Woody pegs • Angled needles • Hurts • Found in Boreal forest • Generally shade tolerant • ornamental

  15. Sassafras • Sassafras albidum • Family: Lauraceae • “Sassafras, I’ll be dumb.” • About 10 ft. tall • Have egg, mitten, and lobed shaped leaves • Cinnamon colored bark • Crawl up through canopy • Dry, sandy slopes • Found with pines • Southern • Thrives after fire

  16. Buckeye • Aesculus sp. • Family: Hippocastanaceae • “Buck’s asses and skulls are smaller than hippos.” • Ohio: • Prickly fruit • Smells like skunk • Palmately compound leaves • stout twigs • Northern, wooded areas • yellow: • Smooth fruit • Palmately compound leaves • Southern • Mesic

  17. Osage-orange • Maclurapomifera • Moraceae • “Osage-orange has massive pompoms and I want more!” • Alternate leaves • In the same family as mulberry • Shiny, simple leaf • Ovate, entire leaves • Native to Texas & Arkansas • Planted to fence in cattle because it has thorns • Found in waste area • Shade intolerant • Great wood • Has male and female parts

  18. Poison Ivy • Toxicodendron (Rhus) radicans • Anacardiaceae • “Poison ivy is a toxic dendron. It’s so radical an anacardiaceae wouldn’t touch it!” • Has fruits dispersed by birds • 3 leaves beware • Climbs • Crawls on wet ground • Understory • Shade tolerant • Alternate

  19. American Beech • Fagusgrandifolia • Fagaceae • “American beech has grand foliage.” • Veins lead to a point • Parallel veins • Smooth leaf surface • paper-like leaf • Smooth bark • Branches come off the trunk • Often has hollows • Pointy, long buds • A bit serrate • Very shade tolerant • Does well in coves • Not typically in a stand

  20. American Elm • Ulmusamericana • Ulmaceae • Doubly serrate • Parallel veination • Gets a disease that kills it • Simple leaf • Oblique based leaves • Large • Shaped like a feather duster • Found in disturbed areas

  21. Slippery Elm • Ulmusrubra • Ulmaceae • Likes to have its roots in water • In ditches • Has a mucilage layer that is soothing for sore throats • Doubly serrate • Parallel veination • Gets a disease that kills it • Simple leaf • Oblique based leaves • Large • Shaped like a feather duster

  22. Chinquapin Oak • Quercusmuehlenbergii • Fagaceae • In white oak group • Alternate • Likes basic soils derived from limestone • Indented margins • Simple leaves • Gray-plated bark • No hairs • Found in Eastern deciduous forest and savannas • Small acorns that deer love • Used for floors • Does well with fire

  23. Pawpaw • Asiminatriloba • Annonaceae • “Asimo’s paws are trilobed. He stays anonymous.” • Tropical looking • Naked, flexible buds on the end • Makes a fruit • Smells like green peppers • In a tropical family • Makes clones, but needs a tree outside the clones to mate with in order to produce fruit • Likes wet areas • Understory tree • Ohio’s native fruit

  24. Sugar Maple • Acer saccharum • Aceraceae • Shade tolerant • Entire leaf margins • Lobed • The bud is pointy and chocolate brown • Smooth bark • Canadian flag • Found in cove forest • Shady areas • Prominent in herb layer • “taking over” • Maple syrup

  25. Yellow (tulip) Poplar • Liriodendron tulipifera • Magnoliaceae • “Hey, Larry, tulips are related to magnolias.” • White between bark lines • Common in cove forests • Very tall, strait • No lower branches • Spoon-shaped buds • Loves to take over fields • Good wood, but not for fancy things

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