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Greek and Roman Governments Unit 1, SSWH 3 a and b

Greek and Roman Governments Unit 1, SSWH 3 a and b. SSWH 3 a & b. Compare the origins and structure of the Greek polis, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire.

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Greek and Roman Governments Unit 1, SSWH 3 a and b

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  1. Greek and Roman GovernmentsUnit 1, SSWH 3 a and b

  2. SSWH 3 a & b Compare the origins and structure of the Greek polis, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire. Identify the ideas and impact of important individuals; include Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle and describe the diffusion of Greek culture by Aristotle’s pupil Alexander the Great and the impact of Julius and Augustus Caesar.

  3. Why are modern societies based on the achievements of the Romans and the Greeks?

  4. Similarities • In Greece —Social status determines participation in govt p.118 -136 —Early Gov’t was strong monarchies • In Rome —voting Rights: Land owning male citizens —Early Gov’t was strong monarchies

  5. Greek Polis • Polis: Greek city-state fundamental political unit • Origins: City-state: Greeks were isolated Early History from Homer’s Epics Trojan War—Defines Society Persian War—Unites Greeks

  6. Greek Govt • Structure: Acropolis: citizens gathered to discuss govt issues Different types of govt Athenian govt (most famous): direct democracy Democracy: a govt where the citizens control it

  7. End of Golden Age • Greece and democracy ended because of constant military defeats p. 126 -128 • Peloponnesian War—Sparta v. Athens • Macedonian King invades—Phillip II (his son is Alexander)

  8. Roman Govt • Republic: govt in which power rests with citizens who have the right vote (representatives) • Origins 12 Tables: written law code: all free citizens (males) were protected by the law p. 151 – 154, 165

  9. Structure: Senate composed of Patricains (land owners) 2 Consuls (executive branch of Gov’t) 1st Triumvirate (Crassus, Pompey, & Caesar) Triumvirate declined: Caesar & Pompey went to war Caesar becomes Dictator of Rome

  10. Greek Philosophers Socrates: Believed that absolute standards did exist for truth & justice Wanted people to think about their values & actions p.131

  11. Plato: Student of Socrates Believed in a perfectly governed society p. 131

  12. Aristotle: Student of Plato Questioned the natural world, human belief, thought, & knowledge Developed: rules of logic (scientific method) Teacher of Alexander the Great p.131

  13. Political Leaders Alexander the Great: Student of Aristotle: taught him all about Greece Conquered a large empire Established several Hellenistic (blended) societies Encouraged learning

  14. Julius Caesar: 1st Triumvirate (Crassus, Pompey, & Caesar) Triumvirate declined: Caesar & Pompey went to war Dictator of Rome Assassinated by Senators: Caesar had to much power p. 158

  15. Augustus Caesar (Octavian): August means “exalted one” Avenged Julius Caesar’s death 2nd Triumvirate (Lepidus, Mark Antony, Octavian) Most able ruler: stabilized the republic, beautified the city, enduring govt Pax Romana: peace & prosperity – 207 yrs. p. 159 -160

  16. Ticket Out the Door Why are modern societies based on the achievements of the Romans and Greeks? Jot answer Prepare to share in one minute

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