Lobbying

1. Lobbying lecturer: Sebastian Aki Abredadt Mart.No.: 171711 Course: MPE1

2. Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the European Union Case (The Sugar Campaign, Kenya) Content Content Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the EU Case

3. “ to try to persuade a politician, the government or an official group that a particular thing should or should not happen, or that a law should be changed.” source: Oxford dictionary, 2009 Definition Content Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the EU Case

4. Testifying at a legislative hearing in support or opposition to a legislative measure. Discussing a legislative measure with a legislator in the legislator’s office. Developing legislative measures, including holding or attending stakeholder meetings. Session testimony stating support of the agency budget What is Lobbying? Content Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the EU Case

5. Employee A drafts testimony opposed to specific legislation for employee B. Employee B submits the testimony to a legislative committee. YES, but only Employee B Quiz Content Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the EU Case

6. Lobbying in Business practice Content Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the EU Case • Tasks of Lobbyists • Prospects on Lobbyist • Target setting • Implementation phase

7. Managing concerns and interests of Companies. Defining arguments and statements Designs political speeches. Looking for allies. Canalizes facts and concerns to the proper policy maker. Acquisition and conditioning of exact data. Tasks of Lobbyists Content Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the EU Case

8. Proper knowledge regarding the matter. Proper knowledge about responsibilities, processes and respondent. Estimation of consequences. Acting emotionless. Screening important from unimportant. No camouflage prospects on lobbyists Content Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the EU Case

9. target setting I Content Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the EU Case Target  enforce their interests addressing the right decision maker. • Prevent a decision. • Slowing down the decision making process. • Change content of decision. • Bringing an issue on the political agenda. • Avoid that a topic gets mentioned during political debate.

10. target setting II Content Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the EU Case • Inside out model of Lobbying. • Company policy or Corporate planning • e.g. for releasing a new product certain laws have to be changed. • Outside in model of Lobbying. • Targets result out of the political agenda. • e.g. Preventing regional management which could avoid the enlargement of a production site.

11. planning process I Content Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the EU Case • Research on time axis • When will the decision be made? • When can the Company interact? • Deadlines to consider? • When will the Company be injured? • Content related Research • Content of topic? • Involved actors? Their motivation and arguments? • Reconciliation with political parties . • Position of the opposition.

12. planning process II Content Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the EU Case • Content related argumentation • Which impact does a decision have? • What is the concrete claim? • Legal and or technical aspects. • Political argumentation • Pointing out advantages for politician and party • Which oppositional arguments will be provided by others? Argumentation catalog ideally “win-win” situation

13. implementation phase Content Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the EU Case • direct Lobbying • gassroots Lobbying

14. direct Lobbying Content Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the EU Case • Communicating your views direct to a legislator. • Information & support for the legislator. • Development of political instruments (e.g. applications) • Pre-formulating of bill material • Composing speeches and presentations for legislators. • Providing material (e.g. studies, survey results, support on technical questions…) • Help shaping the political agenda

15. grassroots Lobbying Content Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the EU Case • trying to influence the public to express a particular view to their legislators about a legislative proposal. • Most likely long term campaigns. • Target is segmented public, intermediate persons or groups. • Concept of “Opinion Leader” (e.g. Journalists or Scientists)

16. Lobbying in Brussels Content Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the EU Case • Cornerstones • Who is Lobbying • Legislative decision-making

17. Cornerstones Content Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the EU Case • Single European Act (SEA). • internal market • Maastricht Treaty (Treaty on EU, TEU)  Source: http://www.euro-dollar-currency.com/maastricht_treaty.htm

18. Who is Lobbying Content Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the EU Case • Interest group categories: • Business (companies and trade associations) • Territorial (nation, regional and local level) • Collective (workers, environment, human rights etc.) • Public affairs consultancies (firms specialized on EU matter) • Associations: • Union des Industries de Communauté européenne • American Chamber of Commerce to the European Union • European Round Table of Industries • Conseil Européen des Fédérations de l’Industrie Chimique • World Wide Fund (WWF), Greenpeace

19. Legislative decision-making Content Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the EU Case European Commission Council Of Ministers European Parliament Conciliation Committee adopted as European act

20. The Sugar Campaign, Kenya I Content Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the EU Case • Lobbying can help poor people. • Target: Using political pressure to change the mechanism which sets the price of sugar in Kenya. • Background: • 2001 five million people depend on sugar production • 1998 – 2001 smaller farmer didn’t get paid for their crops. • Power in the industry lay with six sugar factories, which were seen to be vehicles for political patronage.

21. The Sugar Campaign, Kenya II Content Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the EU Case • Lobbyists • Collation of Kenyan NGO’s • Actions • Organizing and supporting Sucam (Sugar Campaign for Change) • Informing small-holder farmers about the structure of the sugar industry and the Sugar Bill; • successfully lobbying Ministers to amend the parliamentary bill to include producer representation on the regulatory authority (the Kenya Sugar Board); • campaigning against cuts in the price paid to farmers for sugar cane and cheap sugar imports into Kenya.

22. List of Reference Content Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the EU Case • Coen & Richardson: Lobbying the European Union ISBN 978-0-19-920735-0, Oxford University Press NY 2009 • Valeria Marziali: Lobbying in Brussels ISBN 3-936183-55-4, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn 2006 • Miriam Meckel: Unternehmenskommunikation ISBN 3-834909-73-4, Gabler Verlag 2008 • State of Oregon: egov.oregon.gov/DAS/docs/LobbyingPresessionPrimer.PPT Presentation, November 2009 • http://www.euro-dollar-currency.com/maastricht_treaty.htm Internet, November 2009 • http://www.mango.org.uk/guide/files/sugar-campaign.doc Internet, November 2009 • http://www.glsen.org/cgi-bin/iowa/all/news/record/975.html Internet, November 2009

23. Thank you for your attention Content Basics Lobbying in Business practice Lobbying in the EU Case Thank you for attention