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Predicting the Product in Single Replacement Reactions

Predicting the Product in Single Replacement Reactions. Using the Activity Series. Introduction. There are two types of single replacement reactions, A) The metal ion in a solution is replaced by another metal . 2 AgNO 3 ( aq ) + Mg( s ) → Mg(NO 3 ) 2 ( aq ) + 2 Ag( s )

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Predicting the Product in Single Replacement Reactions

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  1. Predicting the Product in Single Replacement Reactions • Using the Activity Series

  2. Introduction There are two types of single replacement reactions, A) The metal ion in a solution is replaced by another metal. 2 AgNO3(aq) + Mg(s) → Mg(NO3)2(aq) + 2 Ag(s) B) The halide in a solution is replaced by another halide. 2 NaBr(aq) + Cl2(g) → 2 NaCl(aq) + Br2(l)

  3. Introduction • These reactions do not happen all the time! • Some metals will replace other metal ions in solution. • However, not every metal will replace every other metal ion in a solution. • The same is true for the halides. • The list of activity or reactivity for these elements is called the “Activity Series.”

  4. Metals Halides F2 Cl2 Br2 I2 • The Activity Series: most active most active increasing activity increasing activity increasing activity increasing activity increasing activity increasing activity least active least active

  5. Using the Activity Series • The activity series is used to predict whether or not a single replacement reaction will occur. • First, we look at the ions in a solution, and determine what is being replaced. • If the added metal is higher up on the activity series list, then it is more reactive and causes a replacementto occur. • If the added metal is lower down on the activity series list, then it is less reactive, and there is no reaction.

  6. Using the Activity Series • For example: • We put zinc metal in a solution of copper(II) sulfate. Zn is more active than Cu. Zn(s) will replace Cu2+(aq). Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq) → ZnSO4(aq) + Cu(s)

  7. Using the Activity Series • For example: • We put magnesium metal in a solution of iron(III) chloride. Mg is more active than Fe. Mg(s) will replace Fe3+(aq). 3 Mg(s) + 2 FeCl3(aq) → 3 MgCl2(aq) + 2 Fe(s)

  8. Using the Activity Series • For example: • We put copper metal in a solution of iron(III) chloride. Fe is more active than Cu. Cu(s) will notreplace Fe3+(aq). Cu(s) + FeCl3(aq) → no reaction

  9. Using the Activity Series • For example: • We add chlorine gas to a solution of iron(III) iodide. Cl2 is more active than I2. Cl2 will replace I−. 3 Cl2(g) + 2 FeI3(aq) → 2 FeCl3(aq) + 3 I2(s)

  10. Practice Problems Use the activity series to predict the products of the following reactions. Indicate if there is no reaction. • Mg(s) + Cu(NO3)2(aq) → • Fe(s) + AgNO3(aq) → • Fe(s) + Na2SO4(aq) → • Pb(s) + Co(NO3)2(aq) → Mg(NO3)2(aq) + Cu(s) 3 Fe(NO3)3(aq) + 3 Ag(s) no reaction no reaction

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