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Electrical & Gravitational Force

Understand the principles of Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation and Coulomb's Law, including their equations, the concept of force between objects, and the significance of gravitational and electrical fields. Practice problems provided.

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Electrical & Gravitational Force

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  1. Electrical & Gravitational Force

  2. Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation • Every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force that for two bodies is directly proportional to the mass of each body and that is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them • Gravity becomes weaker with distance • A planet 3 times further away from sun than earth would be pulled at 1/9 the force as earth

  3. Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation • Practice problems Force between Earth & Moon p.49 Force between SUN & Earth Sun mass =1.989 x 1030 kg Earth mass = 5.98 x 1024 kg Distance Apart = 1.496 x 108 km

  4. Coulombs Law • The electrical force between two charged bodies is directly proportional to the charge on each body and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them • Electrical force grows weaker with distance

  5. Coulombs Law • Practice problems Force between hydrogen proton & electronp.52 Force between generic atoms proton & electron Proton charge = 1.6 x 10-19 c Electron Charge = 1.6 x 10-19 c Distance Apart = 13.68 x 10-16 m

  6. What is a Coulomb • A unit of charge is measured in coulombs • 1 electron has a charge of • 1.6 x 10-19

  7. Newton Vs. Coulomb • Similar formula’s inverse square laws • Gravitaional forces are only attractive • Are important when dealing with large masses and distances • Electrical forces are attractive & repulsive • Are important when dealing with small masses and distances.

  8. Gravitational Electrical Gravitational and Electrical Fields

  9. Gravitational Field

  10. Electrical Field

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