1 / 10

American Diplomacy at the Turn of the 20th Century: Imperialism vs. Anti-Imperialism

This examination of American diplomacy highlights the tensions between imperialists and anti-imperialists as the U.S. navigated its role on the world stage. The era was marked by the Spanish-American War, the influence of the Monroe Doctrine, and debates over annexation, particularly of the Philippines and Hawaii. The impact of trade in Asia and Latin America, the emphasis on military strength exemplified by Alfred Mahan’s strategies, and the cultural mission of spreading Christianity through figures like Josiah Strong are all explored. Key events include the Cuban Revolution, the role of yellow journalism, and the consequences of U.S. expansionist policies.

rob
Télécharger la présentation

American Diplomacy at the Turn of the 20th Century: Imperialism vs. Anti-Imperialism

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. American Diplomacy At the Turn of the 20th Century

  2. Anti-Imperialists Disdain for European colonization Democracy over Monarchy Invulnerable -proximity Monroe Doctrine Imperialists TRADE! Markets of Asia & Latin America Spread Christianity (Josiah Strong) Est. strategic military bases (Alfred Mahan) Monroe Doctrine Isolation vs. Expansion

  3. History • Monroe Doctrine 1823 • U. S. support of W. Hemisphere nations • Mexico: 1860 - French “protectorate” Seward threatened intervention • 1867 acquired Alaska & Midway Island • Widescale American investment & presence in Hawaii, Cuba, & Dominican Republic • Acquisition of several islands in the Pacific

  4. Emphasis on Strong Navy • Small & obsolete after Civil War • Cpt. Alfred Thayer Mahan • Rep. Henry Cabot Lodge • “Great White Fleet”

  5. Building a Pacific Empire • 1840s -est. some trade privileges in China • Ostend Manifesto (secret attempt to annex Cuba) • 1858 - Comm. Perry “opens” Japan • American sugar & pineapple plantations in Hawaii (as well as Mormon missionaries) • Attempts to depose Queen Lilioukalani

  6. Major Events & Issues • Venezuelan Crisis • Efforts to Annex Hawaii • Cuban Revolution & the Maine • Spanish-American War (Philippine phase) • Spanish-American War (invasion of Cuba) • Annexation of the Philippines • Imperialists & Anti-Imperialists

  7. Spanish American War (1898) • “The Splendid Little War” • Cuba • Monroe Doctrine • Most businesses in Cuba owned by Americans • Cubans declared independence in 1895, suffered greatly in their fight • “Remember the Maine” - U. S. S. Maine exploded in Havana Harbor, Feb. 15, 1898 • 260 sailors killed • Public outrage fueled by “yellow journalism” • President McKinley asked Congress for a war declaration on April, 11

  8. Spanish American War (1898) • Phase 1: Commodore Dewey attacked and defeated Spanish fleet in Manila (Philippines) – May 1, 1898. Captured the city on August 13,1898. • Filipino uprising led by Emelio Aguinaldo • Phase 2: Attack on Cuba & Puerto Rico • War ends: Aug. 12, 1898

  9. Results of Spanish American War • Cuban independence (heavy U. S. influence) • U. S. paid Spain $20 million for Philippines • U. S. obtained Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Dominican Republic • Only 400 U. S. soldiers died in combat • United States established as a world military power • Hawaii was annexed as a “war measure.” • Debate over annexation of Philippines began

  10. Annexation and new policies • Anti-Imperialists vs. Imperialists • Foraker Act – Puerto Rico - limited govt. • Insular Cases – “The Constitution does NOT follow the flag.” • Teller Amendment – U. S. NEVER take over Cuba • Platt Amendment (1901) – Forced into Cuba’s Constitution – U. S. could intervene, Cuba could not go heavily into debt, U. S. base (Guantanamo)

More Related