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H A R P A Hadron Production Experiment at the Proton Synchrotron at CERN

H A R P A Hadron Production Experiment at the Proton Synchrotron at CERN. Motivation for the HARP experiment The HARP Detector MiniBooNE and HARP. HARP Motivation (general). Measure absolute inclusive cross-sections for Hadron production with a range of

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H A R P A Hadron Production Experiment at the Proton Synchrotron at CERN

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  1. H A R PA Hadron Production Experiment at the Proton Synchrotron at CERN • Motivation for the HARP experiment • The HARP Detector • MiniBooNE and HARP

  2. HARP Motivation (general) Measure absolute inclusive cross-sections for Hadron production with a range of targets and primary proton energies.

  3. HARP Motivation (specific) • Neutrino Factory Design • Atmospheric Neutrino Flux Calculations • Neutrino Fluxes for MiniBooNE and K2K • Input to Monte Carlo simulation packages

  4. Neutrino Factory Need to Know: 1. production rates for varying target materials, target size and proton beam energies (2-24GeV). 2. The PT distribution with high precision to optimize muon collection.

  5. Atmospheric Neutrinos Need to Know: 1. Primary Cosmic Ray Flux* 2. Hadron Interaction Model** * known to better than 10% **limited data leads to ~30% uncertainty in atmospheric neutrino fluxes _

  6. MiniBooNE Flux + 8 GeV p Be K+ source of  source of e background e+ source of e background K+ e+ source of e background K0L e+

  7. HARP at the CERN PS • 200 meters in diameter • 28 GeV maximum energy • Feeds into SPS • Used to make anti-protons • Used for target expr. - HARP

  8. HARP at the CERN PS East Hall

  9. T9 Secondary Beam at PS • PS protons hit a target producing secondary particles. • Particles are momentum selected allowing HARP to choose beam energy (2 -15 GeV). • However, beam consists of different particles - mainly protons and pions. • TOF measurements distinguish different particles in the beam before hitting the HARP target. NOTE: This is different from MiniBooNE. MiniBooNE gets 8 GeV protons directly from the Booster.

  10. HARP Detector

  11. HARP Detector

  12. Time Projection Chamber - TPC 10-1 1 10 p(GeV/c)

  13. Resistive Plate Chamber -RPC HV + + + ++ + + + ++ Gas Gas + + + ++ + + + ++ HV

  14. TPC & RPC

  15. TPC - RPC Event

  16. HARP Detector

  17. Drift Chambers & Spectrometer Magnet • 0.5 T Vertical Field for momentum spectrometry • Vertical, +5°, -5° wire orientation in drift chambers • 90% Argon, 5% CO2, 5% CH4 gas mixture • 150m - 700m resolution depending on incident angle • Typical single chamber efficiency of 97% + -

  18. Drift Chambers & Spectrometer Magnet

  19. HARP Detector

  20. Threshold Cerenkov Detector • Filled with C4F10 (perflourobutane) at atmospheric pressure. • Discriminates between protons and pions at high momentum. • At high beam momentum, strange particles (kaons) are also created. C4F10 properties: n = 1.001415 pion threshold = 2.6 GeV/c kaon threshold = 9.3 GeV/c proton threshold = 17.6 GeV/c

  21. HARP Detector

  22. TOF Wall, Electron Identifier,Cosmic Trigger Wall,Beam Muon Identifier TOF Wall - plane of scintillator counters to discriminate between protons and pions at low momentum t ~ 210 ps) Electron Identifier - lead-scintillating fiber counters to discriminate between hadrons on the one hand, and photons and electrons on the other. Cosmic Trigger Wall - plane of scintillator sheets to trigger on cosmic muons for monitoring and calibration. Beam muon Identifier - iron-scintillator calorimeter to identify beam muons.

  23. Pion Production and pi/pPID PT vs. PL Box Plot for pion Production (@15GeV) TPC TOF Cerenkov

  24. HARP Targets • Beryllium • Carbon • Aluminum • Copper • Tin • Titanium • Lead } solid targets 2%, 5%, 50%, 100%  neutrino factory, MiniBooNE, K2K } • Hydrogen • Deuterium • Nitrogen • Oxygen cryogenic targets atmospheric neutrino flux

  25. MiniBooNE and HARP Production Rates Decay Now Goal ~50% 5% e+ ~50% 5% ~100% 10% K+ e+ K0L ~100% 10% e+

  26. MiniBooNE & HARP • 1.3M events recorded in 2001 for 8 GeV protons on a 2%  Be target • In August, 2002, data will be taken for a 5% and a 50% Be target 2% 5% 50% MiniBooNE Target

  27. HARP 2002 Data Taking • Scheduled for 140 days of running in 2002 • 28 days for cryogenic targets • 14 days for special targets • 7 days for setup and calibration • 91 days to run all targets and beam energies • Cross-section measurements at the 1-2% level should be achievable.

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