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Understanding Disaster Concepts: Definitions, Vulnerabilities, and Preparedness

This overview defines key concepts related to disasters, including the definitions of disaster, hazard, and vulnerability. A disaster is characterized as a significant disruption of society that exceeds its capacity to cope. Hazards like floods, droughts, and conflicts pose potential threats to human and environmental life. Vulnerability refers to the susceptibility of communities and ecosystems to such hazards. The document outlines the relationships among disaster, hazard, and vulnerability, alongside strategies for preparedness, mitigation, and disaster risk reduction to safeguard communities.

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Understanding Disaster Concepts: Definitions, Vulnerabilities, and Preparedness

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  1. DEFINITION OF CONCEPTS Disaster: A serious disruption of society, causing widespread human, material or environmental losses that exceed the capacity of the affected society to cope with unaided.

  2. Hazard • A hazard is a phenomenon that has the potential to adversely affect human, plant and animal life to the extent of causing a disaster • Eg Floods, drought, earth quake, conflict

  3. VULNERABILITY • Vulnerability is the degree to which people, aquatic life, wild life, livestock, are susceptible to loss, damage, suffering and deaths in the event of a hazard

  4. RELATIONSHIP DISASTER = HAZARD X VULNERABILITY

  5. DISASTER PREPAREDNESS Preparedness is about putting in place advance measures to establish community capacities and mechanisms to minimize adverse impacts of disasters if and when they do occur.

  6. MITIGATION • Measures to lessen the seriousness of disasters or the potential of a disaster to cause an emergency, or the scale of an emergency, which is already under way • The goal of mitigation is to eliminate or reduce the long-term risk of property damage or loss of life after a disaster.

  7. PREVENTION • Proactively stopping disaster from occurring • Not very practical- natural hazards, vulnerability etc

  8. Disaster Risk Reduction • Minimizing vulnerabilities and disaster risks throughout a society, to avoid [prevention] or to limit [mitigation and preparedness], the adverse impacts of hazards, within the broad context of sustainable development

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