Composting toilet and greywater practice workshop

1. Composting toilet and greywater practice workshop WCOWMA 2016

2. Introductions • Ian Ralston ROWP Eng.L • Ed Hoeppner ROWP

3. Workshop content • Overview • Composting toilets • Walk through of Manual standards • Example sizing and selection • Greywater systems • Walk through of Manual standards • Example sizing and selection • Example sizing of residual organic matter onsite burial

4. Purpose of the Manual • Standards and guidelines • Filing approach For: • Non water borne waste management • Greywater systems • Seasonal diversion systems • Source separation systems

5. Filing under the SSR • Composting toilet systems • On site burial of composting toilet residual organic matter • Greywater systems • Seasonal diversion systems for greywater sub surface irrigation

6. Manual approach • Based on SPM, does not repeat SPM • Split to standards and guidelines • Separate rationale • Performance objectives • Appendices • EMPHASIS ON OPTIONS

7. Manual layout • Part A Introduction • Part B Standards • Composting Toilets • Greywater systems • Part C Guidelines • Sections parallel Part B • Part D Appendices

8. MCTGP Source separated waste systems

9. Typical sanitary drainage and sewerage systems • Water closets for human waste • Plumbing fixtures • Combined sanitary drainage system • To onsite sewerage system • No intentional recycling of resources

10. Composting toilets • Composting toilets for human waste • Urine diversion or leachate • Plumbing fixtures • Greywater • Intentional recycling of some resources

11. MCTGP Composting toilets

12. A composting toilet system

13. B-1 Standard sections • Procedure • System purpose and objectives • System capacity • System selection • Specification and installation • Residual organic matter processing • Discharge of residual organic matter • Maintenance

14. B-1.2 Procedure • Similar to SPM • Minimum steps for planning, filing, construction, final filing • Clarifies “DDF” • Uses SPM equivalent DDF to determine cut off for ROWP practice

15. B-1.3 System purposes and objectives • Similar to SPM objectives for systems • Important to support alternative solution • System must meet primary purposes

16. Primary purposes • Safely collect and contain human waste • Manage odors and prevent vector or human access during storage • Manage leachate and safely discharge leachate or diverted • Provide for safe and practical management of residual organic matter.

17. Secondary objectives (e.g.) • Volume or mass reduction • Stabilization for transport • Stabilization and sanitizing for onsite “discharge”

18. B-1.4 System capacity • Volume of excreta • Volume of bulking agents • Volume of leachate or diverted urine

19. B-1.5 System selection • To meet the primary objectives • To meet the secondary objectives • Record rationale = how it meets

20. B-1.6 Specification and installation • Page 30 • Similar to SPM II-6 standards tables • Some performance specifications • Several tables • Table B-3 (general) applies to all

21. Table B-3

22. Table B-3

23. Table B-3

25. B-1.7 Residual organic matter processing • Page 33, tables, application based on fate of residuals • Incineration • Curing • Sanitizing • pH adjustment • Urea and ammonia sanitizing

26. Stages of composting

28. Solvita • Test kit for measuring CO2 and Ammonia

29. Solvita Test Jar

31. Moisture and Temperature

34. B-1.8 Discharge of residual organic matter • Page 37 • Off-site discharge • On-site burial • On-site surface discharge (professional), in guideline

35. On-site burial • Processing standards • Quality standards • Monitoring standards • AP involvement • Intended to meet SPM performance standards

37. Site and soil evaluation per SPM

38. Consider maintenance plan and ROWP involvement

39. B-1.9 Maintenance • Page 40 • Health and hygiene (handling) • Maintenance plan • Minimum maintenance standards table

40. MCTGP Selecting and sizing a composting toilet system

41. Stepwise procedure (Part B-1) • Define objectives: • Primary objectives • Determine discharge method • Site use and waste characterization • Site and soil evaluation (if needed) • System selection, specification, size • Discharge and maintenance • Documentation

42. Example system • 2 bedroom house, 100 sqm floor area • 3 occupants • Owner objectives defined

43. Define Objectives (page 28)

44. Primary purposes • Safely collect and contain human waste • Manage odors and prevent vector or human access during storage • Manage leachate and safely discharge leachate or diverted urine • Provide for safe and practical management of residual organic matter.

45. Secondary objectives • Diversion of urine for fertigation use • Stabilization and sanitizing for On site burial

46. Discharge • Determine discharge method • Leads to requirements for system and process

47. Characterize Wastes • SPM equivalent DDF (from SPM) • 1000 L/day • System capacity (page 29)

48. B-1.4 System capacity • Volume of excreta • Volume of bulking agents • Volume of leachate or diverted urine

49. Bulking agent • Minimal for urine diverting system • Urine diversion efficiency (C-1.4.2.2) • Other systems, C-1.4.4 (page 57):

50. To Worksheet