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Recycling and Composting

Recycling and Composting. ENVM 649: Principles of Waste Management and Pollution Control Dr. Robert Beauchamp. BENEFITS OF RECYCLING . CONSERVES RESOURCES PREVENTS EMISSIONS OF MANY GREENHOUSE GASES & WATER POLLUTANTS. SAVES ENERGY. SUPPLIES RAW MATERIALS TO INDUSTRY. CREATES JOBS.

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Recycling and Composting

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  1. Recycling and Composting ENVM 649: Principles of Waste Management and Pollution Control Dr. Robert Beauchamp

  2. BENEFITS OF RECYCLING • CONSERVES RESOURCES • PREVENTS EMISSIONS OF MANY GREENHOUSE GASES & WATER POLLUTANTS. • SAVES ENERGY. • SUPPLIES RAW MATERIALS TO INDUSTRY. • CREATES JOBS. • STIMULATES DEVELOPMENT OF GREENER TECHNOLOGIES. • REDUCES NEED FOR NEW LANDFILLS & INCINERATORS. .

  3. COMPOSTING • BIODEGRADATION: • WASTE WATER SLUDGE (BIOSOLIDS) • YARD WASTE • BULKING MATERIALS: (RETAINS H2O AND ALLOWS AIR CIRCULATION) • PLANT RESIDUE • MSW REFUSE • PAPER • SAWDUST

  4. COMPOSTING (cont) • REQUIREMENTS: • MICROORGANISMS-INOCULUM • O2 SUPPLY • MOISTURE (40%) • Ph (NEUTRAL) • TEMPERATURE • NUTRIENTS • SPACE • NOTE: SELF GENERATION OF HEAT IF THE MASS OF COMPOST PILE IS HIGH.

  5. USES OF COMPOST • EROSION CONTROL • EROSION EFFECTS ORGANISMS, WATER RESOURCES, CONSTRUCTION & RECREATION. • COMPOST CAN ESTABLISH TURF, REDUCE H2O VELOCITY, & REDUCE EROSION OF SLOPES. • PROVIDE PLAYING SURFACES. • REPLACE PEAT MOSS. • PROVIDES NUTRIENTS & MICROORGANISMS. • ENHANCES MOVEMENT OF H2O, AIR, & NUTRIENTS. ?

  6. LANDSCAPING • COMPOST IS ALTERNATIVE TO TOPSOIL. • LANDSCAPE RENOVATION • CONTAINER GARDENS. • STIMULATES PLANT GROWTH • REDUCES PESTS & PLANT INFESTATION. • IMPROVES SOIL STRUCTURE.

  7. AS COMPOST MULCH: • STABILIZES SOIL TEMPERATURE • CONSERVES WATER • CONTROLS WEEDS • SLOW RELEASE OF NUTRIENTS • PREVENTS SOIL EROSION • DARK COLOR ACCENTS COLORS OF FLOWERING PLANTS. 

  8. DISEASE CONTROL • FOR PLANTS AND ANIMALS • 10% OF VEGETABLES PLANTED IN U.S. ARE LOST TO ROOT ROT & SOILBORNE PATHOGENS. • PROTECTION MECHANISMS: • COMPETITION OF NUTRIENTS BY BENEFICIAL MICROORGANISMS. • ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCTION BY MICROORGANISMS. • SUCCESSFUL PREDATION OF PATHOGENS BY MICRO-ORG. • DISEASE-RESISTANT GENES.

  9. TAILORING COMPOST • CAN ENRICH COMPOST WITH DISEASE FIGHTING MICRO-ORG. • REPLACES PESTICIDES AND FUNGICIDES. • SALT CONTENT OF COMPOSE CAN SUPPRESS DISEASE. TOO MUCH SALT CAN WEAKEN PLANTS. • NEED TO TAILOR COMPOST FOR SPECIFIC DISEASES.

  10. MORTALITY COMPOSTING • 37 MILLION CHICKENS, DUCKS, & TURKEYS (18-25%) DIE FROM DISEASE. • COMPOSTING IS AN OPTION FOR DISPOSAL. PATHOGENS ARE DESTROYED BY HIGH TEMPERATURES IN THE PROCESS. • MARKETS EXIST FOR HIGH QUALITY COMPOST. A $250 MILLION PER YEAR PRODUCT.

  11. PEST CONTROL • CAN ERADICATE PARASIDIC NEMATODE (WORM) INFECTIONS • NEED A TAILORED COMPOST • NUTRIENTS ENCOURAGE GROWTH OF FUNGI & OTHERS, WHICH COMPETE WITH OR DESTROY NEMATODES. • CONTRIBUTE TO HEALTH OF PLANTS.

  12. REFORESTATION/WETLAND RESTORATION/HABITAT REVITALIZATION • BARREN SOILS RESTORED WITH COMPOST. • ADDS HUMUS, NUTRIENTS, & INFRASTRUCTURE FOR PLANTS TO RE-ESTABLISH. • CAN ABSORB 4 TIMES ITS WEIGHT IN H2O & CAN REPLACE ORGANIC MATERIALS IN WETLANDS. • ASSISTS IN REVEGETATE BARREN HABITATS BY PROVIDING CHEMICAL & MINERAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL. • FACILITATES PLANT GROWTH WHICH PROVIDES FOOD FOR ANIMALS. • PROJECTS HAVE SHOWN THAT COMPOSE TREATED WETLANDS HAD SUPERIOR GROWTH OVER NON-TREATED WETLANDS..

  13. BENEFITS OF COMPOSTING • KEEPS ORGANICS OUT OF LANDFILLS. • PROVIDES NUTRIENTS TO SOIL. • INCREASES BENEFICIAL SOIL ORGANISMS. • SUPPRESSES PLANT DISEASES. • REDUCES NEED FOR PESTICIDES & FERTLIZERS. • PROTECTS SOIL FROM EROSION. • ASSISTS IN POLLUTION REMEDIATION.

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