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The Consequences of Inequality for Child Wellbeing

Explore how inequality affects children's wellbeing and educational outcomes in rich countries. Learn from research by Pickett and Wilkinson on the consequences of inequality. Discover why social mobility is lower in unequal societies.

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The Consequences of Inequality for Child Wellbeing

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  1. The Consequences of Inequality for Child Wellbeing Kate Pickett, PhD FRSA FFPH

  2. www.equalitytrust.org.uk Child well-being is better in more equal countries • Pickett and Wilkinson, BMJ, 2007

  3. www.equalitytrust.org.uk Inequality... How much richer are the richest 20% in each country than the poorest 20%? • Wilkinson & Pickett, The Spirit Level

  4. www.equalitytrust.org.uk Child Wellbeing is not related to National Income per capita • Wilkinson & Pickett, The Spirit Level

  5. Pickett and Wilkinson, BMJ, 2007

  6. www.equalitytrust.org.uk Among the rich countries educational scores are not related to national differences in average income • Source: Wilkinson & Pickett, The Spirit Level (2009)

  7. …but educational scores are related to income differences within rich societies • Source: Marmot Review of Health Inequalities (2010)

  8. www.equalitytrust.org.uk Educational Scores are Higher in More Equal Rich Countries • Source: Wilkinson & Pickett, The Spirit Level (2009)

  9. www.equalitytrust.org.uk • More Children Drop Out of High School in More Unequal US States • Source: Wilkinson & Pickett, The Spirit Level (2009)

  10. www.equalitytrust.org.uk Social mobility is lower in more unequal countries • Wilkinson & Pickett, The Spirit Level

  11. Why is child well-being and attainment related to greater equality?

  12. www.equalitytrust.org.uk Among the rich countries educational scores are not related to the proportion of school spending that is public • Source: Wilkinson & Pickett, The Spirit Level (2009)

  13. www.equalitytrust.org.uk Single parenthood is not related to child wellbeing in rich countries • Source: Wilkinson & Pickett, The Spirit Level (2009)

  14. www.equalitytrust.org.uk Mental illness is more common in more unequal societies • Wilkinson & Pickett, The Spirit Level

  15. Working hours are longer in more unequal countries • Source: Bowles S, Park Y. Economic Journal 2005; 115 (507): F397–F412. 2005.

  16. ACTH • Cortisol • Effect size • Tasks with both social-evaluative threat and uncontrollability • Other tasks What kind of stress most reliably raises cortisol levels? • Source: Dickerson SS & Kemeny ME. Psychological Bulletin 2004; 130(3): 355-91

  17. Caste Unannounced • Caste Announced Stereotype Threat The effect of caste identity on children's performance • Number of mazes solved • Source: Hoff K, Pandey P, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3351, June 2004

  18. Inequality in child behavioural development • Source: Marmot Review of Health Inequalities (2010)

  19. Key Stage 1 results for areas of Sheffield Source: A Tale of Two Cities The Sheffield Project

  20. Source: A Tale of Two Cities The Sheffield Project

  21. Source: A Tale of Two Cities The Sheffield Project

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