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Exploring the Universe: Planets, Nebulae, and Energy Systems

Dive into the fascinating world of the universe, dwarf planets, gas giants, and more. Understand the food chain dynamics, energy types, and circuit concepts. Learn about biotic and abiotic factors affecting ecosystems.

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Exploring the Universe: Planets, Nebulae, and Energy Systems

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  1. Science TCAP Study Guide ReubenSavage

  2. Universe • Dwarf planets- large objects in space smaller than planets(ex. Pluto Ceres). • Planet-large object in space(Earth). • Terrestrial planets- small, dense, and made of rock. • Gas Giants-extremely large, cold, and made of gas

  3. Universe • Nebula- a cloud of dust and gas in space, usually between stars. • Planetary Nebula-a small, ball shaped nebula that surrounds a star • DiffuseNebula- a large nebula with an irregular shape.

  4. Universe • Comets- are smaller than asteroids and are mostly made up of dust particles, frozen water, and frozen gasses. • Asteroids- vary greatly in size and are mostly made up of stone iron and nickel.

  5. Food Chain • Producer- makes it’s own food. • Herbivore-only eats plants. • Carnivore- only eats meat. • Omnivore- eats both meat and vegetation. • Scavenger- eats the remains of animals. • Decomposer- breaks down the remains of animals to provide nutrients.

  6. Energy • PotentialEnergy- stored energy. • Kinetic Energy- the energy of motion. • Mechanical Energy- all of the kinetic and potential energy in an object. • Electrical Energy- energy that flows through wires in a circuit.

  7. Energy • Heat Energy- is created when matter goes through a chemical change. • Light Energy- a type of wave energy created by other energy, or solar. • Sound Energy- energy of sound waves make as they travel. • Chemical Energy- energy found in chemical compounds.

  8. Circuits • A Circuit must have an energy source,a load, and usually a wire. • Series Circuit- all parts of the circuit are connected in a single loop. • Parallel Circuit- receivers are connected to different branches.

  9. Biotic and Abiotic • BioticFactor- anything in an environment that is living or at one time was living. • Abiotic Factor- anything in an environment that has never lived.

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