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ABOC/ATC days Electrical Network: Selectivity and Protection Plan

ABOC/ATC days Electrical Network: Selectivity and Protection Plan. José Carlos GASCON TS–EL Group 22 January 2007. Summary. Introduction Selectivity CERN HV electrical 29 th July 2006 Selectivity at CERN Project Planning.

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ABOC/ATC days Electrical Network: Selectivity and Protection Plan

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  1. ABOC/ATC days Electrical Network: Selectivity and Protection Plan José Carlos GASCON TS–EL Group 22 January 2007

  2. Summary • Introduction • Selectivity • CERN HV electrical • 29th July 2006 • Selectivity at CERN • Project Planning Prepared by José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days22 January 2007

  3. Introduction Source Order Switchgear Measurement Sensor Protective relay Protected area • Protection system in the electrical network • Switchgear: in charge of clearing faults • Sensors: providing measurements to detect faults • Protective relays: processing measurements and ordering to clear faults Prepared by José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days22 January 2007

  4. Introduction • Why protection system is needed • Personnel safety against electrical hazards • Avoid equipment stress: thermal, electrical and mechanical damages • Assure network stability • Clear electrical faults and maintain service continuity • Features of protection system • Fast • Reliable • Selective Prepared by José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days22 January 2007

  5. Selectivity • Definition • Discrimination between protection systems, isolating a faulty area of the electrical network as quickly as possible and leaving all the fault-free areas energized • How to do • Time based discrimination • Current based discrimination • Logic discrimination • Directional protection discrimination • Differential protection discrimination • Combined Prepared by José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days22 January 2007

  6. Selectivity • Parameters • The complexity and size of the electrical network • Network architecture • Existing sources and their response in the event of a fault • Operating time of each protection system • Backup time • Compromise continuity of service vs. degree of protection Prepared by José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days22 January 2007

  7. Selectivity: examples Radial distribution Loop distribution (ex.: SPS) ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Prepared by José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days22 January 2007

  8. CERN HV Electrical Network • Complexity • Voltage levels: 400kV, 130kV, 66kV, 20kV, 18kV and 3,3kV • 94 HV substations: 38 LHC, 26 SPS and 30 Meyrin • 4 sources: EDF (400kV & 20kV), EOS and Diesel Generators • 3 different interconnected networks by site: • LHC: Machine, General Services and Safety (Assured) • SPS: Pulsed, Stable and Safety (Assured) • Meyrin: Pulsed, General Services and Safety (Assured) • Sites interconnected by 18kV links • Power flow direction depending on the configuration • About 1,000 protective relays and switchgears • Compensators and harmonic filters • Diversity of loads:pumps, converters, dipoles, transformers, compressors Prepared by José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days22 January 2007

  9. CERN HV Electrical Network • Protection system • Switchgears from all ages : specific clearing time for each generation • Different technologies in protective relays 40% digital, 40% electronics and 20% electromechanical Prepared by José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days22 January 2007

  10. 29th July 2006 (I) EDF- 400 kV T5 400/66 kV 110 MVA EHT102/1E 66/18kV 70MVA EHT7/E9 66/18 kV 70 MVA SEH9 – 66kV EHD27 EHD21 201 200 BE9 – 18kV 412 ASS HALL N.A. LOOP SPS LOOP LHC LOOP 901 900 800 801 SEM12 – 18kV Earthing transformer 701 802 MEYRIN SITE 209 .... ME9 – 18kV 114 311 104 204 210 304 ME10 – 18kV EHT612/1E 130/18 kV 60 MVA EOS - 130 kV 1st fault events • 1 ph. fault detected in neutral reactance • 3 ph. detected by all prot. but blocked • Protections trip 66kV and 130kV sources ! ! ! ! ! Prepared by José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days22 January 2007

  11. 29th July 2006 (II) EDF- 400 kV T5 400/66 kV 110 MVA EHT7/E9 66/18 kV 70 MVA SEH9 – 66kV EHD27 EHD21 201 200 BE9 – 18kV 412 EHT102/1E 66/18kV 70MVA ASS HALL N.A. LOOP SPS LOOP LHC LOOP 901 900 800 801 SEM12 – 18kV Earthing transformer 701 802 MEYRIN SITE 209 .... ME9 – 18kV 114 311 104 204 210 304 ME10 – 18kV EHT612/1E 130/18 kV 60 MVA EOS - 130 kV 2nd fault after “autotransfer system” • 3 ph. detected by all prot. but blocked • Protection trips at 66kV source ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Prepared by José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days22 January 2007

  12. 29th July 2006: consequences • Power cuts • LHC General Services • SPS Stable loop • North Area Stable loop • Meyrin site: West Area and PS, ISOLDE and Administrative loops • After analyse of the event • Difficult selectivity between 66kV and 18kV levels • Backup time not adapted for this scenario • If selectivity, power cut reduced to the Meyrin site and lower reestablishment time Prepared by José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days22 January 2007

  13. 29th July 2006: selective EDF- 400 kV EHT7/E9 66/18 kV 70 MVA EHT102/1E 66/18kV 70MVA T5 400/66 kV 110 MVA SEH9 – 66kV EHD27 EHD21 201 200 BE9 – 18kV 412 ASS HALL N.A. LOOP SPS LOOP LHC LOOP 901 900 800 801 SEM12 – 18kV Earthing transformer 701 802 MEYRIN SITE 209 .... ME9 – 18kV 114 311 104 204 210 304 ME10 – 18kV EHT612/1E 130/18 kV 60 MVA EOS - 130 kV ! ! ! ! ! Prepared by José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days22 January 2007

  14. Selectivity at CERN • Implemented selectivity • 400kV backup agreed with EDF • LHC General Services and Machine • SPS pulsed and stable loops • PS, ISOLDE and Administrative loops • Non-selective areas (tripping 66 kV) • Autotransfert system (BE9, SEM12 and ME9 substations) • West Area • North Area • LHC-1 and LHC-5 (in project) Prepared by José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days22 January 2007

  15. Planning (I) • Activities in progress • Catalogue of protective relays: 60% completed • Short circuit calculations: under approval • Selectivity Phase 1 (April 2007) • Selectivity study for the non-selective areas • Data base for all protective relays installed • Provisional solution for the non-selective areas Prepared by José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days22 January 2007

  16. Planning (II) • Selectivity Phase 2 (January 2008) • Definitive solution for non-selective areas • Complete selectivity map for main substations and configurations • Implementation • Commissioning • Selectivity Phase 3 (in the course of 2008) • Selectivity map for the whole CERN HV network • Transient simulations for main substations (BE, BE9, ME10, ME9, SEM12) Prepared by José Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC Days22 January 2007

  17. ABOC/ATC days Electrical Network: Selectivity and Protection Plan Questions? José Carlos GASCON TS–EL Group 22 January 2007

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