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Adverbial Phrases and Clauses

Adverbial Phrases and Clauses. Focus 1: Indentifying Phrases and Clauses. Phrases and clauses can be used to answer many Wh - questions in sentences. A phrase is a group of related words. Noun phrases : noun + determiner/modifier Who, whom & what ask about noun phrases

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Adverbial Phrases and Clauses

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  1. Adverbial Phrases and Clauses

  2. Focus 1: Indentifying Phrases and Clauses • Phrases and clauses can be used to answer many Wh- questions in sentences. • A phrase is a group of related words. • Noun phrases : noun + determiner/modifier • Who, whom & what ask about noun phrases • Verb phrases: helping verb + verb • What...do…asks about verb phrases • Prepositional Phrases: preposition + noun phrase • Adjective prepositional phrases give more info about nouns. Which asks about adjective phrases • Adverbial prepositional phrases: • Give more information about verbs. Where, when, how, why, how long, how often and how much ask about adverbial phrases.

  3. Focus 1 Continued • Clauses are groups of related words that contain both a subject and a verb. • Independent clauses functions as sentences. • A man robbed the bank. • Dependent clauses cannot function as sentences. • Have you heard that a man robbed the bank? • Adjective clauses give more information about noun phrases. • A man robbed the bank that we visited yesterday. • Adverbial clauses give more information about verb phrases. • A man robbed the bank before the police could arrive to catch him.

  4. Focus 2: Basic Adverbial Position • Adverbs answer questions like how, how often, how much, where, when & why. • There is a basic order for adverbial information

  5. Focus 3: Position and Order of Adverbial Phrases • Shorter adverbial phrases come before longer adverbial phrases. • Maria goes to the gym after work every Monday, Wednesday and Friday. • When there are 2 adverbial phrases of the same kind, the more specific one comes first. • Many students eat lunch at the mall in Columbia. • Move one adverbial to the beginning of a sentence if there are more than 2-3. • Every Friday, Young Min carefully takes her dog for a walk around the neighborhood.

  6. Focus 4: Putting Adverbial Phrases at the Beginning of a Sentence • Often we put adverbials in the beginning of a clause or sentence. • If there are several other adverbs/adverbial phrases, or if the object of the verb phrase is very long. • Every other week, Jose carefully organizes his notebooks in chronological order. • In her closet, Lucia found her favorite shoes behind a box on the floor. • In order to emphasize adverbial information. • Carefully and slowly, lift your foot off the break and step on the accelerator. • To show logical relationships between sentences. • It snowed 3 feet last week. As a result, we were out of school for a week.

  7. Focus 5: Position of Adverbial Clauses Before the Main Clause After the Main Clause Clauses of place (except those that begin with whenever or everywhere) Linda shops where her Mom shops. Clauses of result with so that. Isaac studied hard so that he could pass the midterm. Clauses of reason with for. Rachel went to school early for she needed help with homework. • For emphasis: • As soon as she finished the test, she felt very relieved. • To establish context: • Before she moved to America, she had never seen a scantron. • To show sequence: • After I wake up, I always take a shower.

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