Answers and Explanations

1. Answers and Explanations AP Practice Test #1

2. A – olfactory (smell) receptors would detect gas • A – Identical twins would be best to study to determine nature vs nurture (note – I would always pick identical twins if asked who is best to study) • C – Social Learning theory is supportive of Bandura’s Learning by Observation (Bobo Doll experiment) • D – A morpheme is the smallest unit of language that carries meaning – phoneme is the smallest unit of language but doesn’t carry meaning. • E – Systematic Desensitization – become less sensitive to phobias (afraid of spider – see pic, see video, see plastic, see dead, see alive in tank, let crawl in front, let crawl on hand)

3. 6. A – Maslow’s hierarchy of needs places is a humanistic perspective 7. A – Rorschach inkblot are used by psychoanalyst – allows for the therapist to understand the unconscious mind 8. A – The green light and yellow light are similar and the pigeon generalizes them as the same – (discrimination is knowing the difference) 9. D – Humanistic psychologist believe in the inherent good of people (the others are bad answers – Psychoanalyst – unconscious mind, Behaviorist – behavior, Cognitivist – thought, and Gestaltist – whole is different from the sum of its parts)

4. 10. A – Cerebral cortex covers all the other parts of the brain – responsible for higher thought processes 11. A – Anti-social disorder – no guilt – no feelings of right and wrong – gets worse over time 12. D – modeling – he is doing what you are doing – Bandura’sBobo Doll Experiment 13. D – Superego = Angel, Id = Devil, Ego = realistic component 14. A – attitude is a belief = prejudice is a belief (discrimination is an action) 15. C – Client centered therapy is a component of humanistic therapy (Carl Rogers) allows for positive actualizing potential

5. 16. D – Deindividuationis losing a sense of identity because of similarity to group or disguise (social psychology) 17. D – Piaget’s stages – formal operational begins in teen years – begin logical reasoning and systematic planning 18. B – Dopamine is given for parkinson’s disease (dopamine and serotonin will be the two most used answers – serotonin – happiness used in treating depression – Dopamine – reward driven – parkinsons and schizophrenia) 19. B – Etichal standards of psychology – not putting a test subject in danger, harm, or unethical situations 20. C – responsible – when compared to younger siblings, they are more reponsibile because they grew up with adults while the younger children had other children to immulate 21. D – Narcissitic – Being in love with self

6. 22. C – Behaviorist would disregard the mental processes component of the definition of psychology 23. A – Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development – young adult struggles with intimacy vs isolation (finding a partner to be with the rest of your life and being alone) 24. C – volume is connected with amplitude (wave height) 25. B – To Shannon, her pants are only pants – how the pants function is fixed 26. C – Maslow’s heirarchy of needs lead to self-actualization 27. A – MMPI-2 is the most common self-report for personality assessment

7. 28. C – Behavioral – behavior is our actions – we alter to get a different consequence 29. D – insight learning is the sudden appearance of an answer no longer thinking about it 30. A – Paranoid schizophrenics think people/things are out to get them (persecution, hallucinations, and disordered thinking) 31. A – Watching in a natural environment 32. B – white is the appearance of reflected wavelengths of all colors 33. C – IQ = mental age/chronological age x 100 34. D – First reaction is denial (anger, barganining, depression, acceptance) 35. C – sympathetic nervous system is part of autonomic nervous system (parasympathetic nervous system would relax Jared when he realizes they are only shadows)

8. Complete 36-70 for Wednesday