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Osteomalacia – softening of the bone; can be due to Vitamin D deficiency , rickets, etc .

Osteomalacia – softening of the bone; can be due to Vitamin D deficiency , rickets, etc. Osteomyelitis – chronic bone infection. Osteoporosis – degeneration of bone. Temporal Mandibular Joint TMJ can be from a displacement of cartilage disks or from issues with meniscus.

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Osteomalacia – softening of the bone; can be due to Vitamin D deficiency , rickets, etc .

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  1. Osteomalacia – softening of the bone; can be due to Vitamin D deficiency , rickets, etc.

  2. Osteomyelitis – chronic bone infection

  3. Osteoporosis – degeneration of bone

  4. Temporal Mandibular JointTMJcan be from a displacement of cartilage disksorfrom issues with meniscus

  5. causes - pressure/stretching of nerve and popping/clicking as jaw moves into placeresults from – grinding teeth, chewing gum all day, improper bite, malpositioned jaws, major trauma to jaw

  6. Osteoarthritis“wear and tear” • Breakdown/loss of cartilage between joints • Acquired degenerative process • Managed by first line medications (acetamenophen)

  7. Osteoarthritis - Risk Factors • Age older than 50 • Crystals in joint fluid or cartilage • High bone mineral density • History of immobilization • Injury to the joint • Joint hypermobility or instability • Obesity (weight-bearing joints) • Peripheral neuropathy • Prolonged occupational or sports stress

  8. Rheumatoid Arthritisautoimmune disease • “synovial membranes inflamed” • White blood cells destroy cartilage • Scar tissue forms and then ossifies

  9. Gouty Arthritisaccumulation of uric acid crystals in the synovial fluid • White blood cells engulf the uric acid crystals • Causes pain, heat, redness of tissues

  10. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome • Median nerve becomes pressed or squeezed

  11. Cleft Palate • Palatine process does not fuse • Genetic and environmental factors • Can folic acid reduce chance?

  12. Bursitis • Inflammation of the bursa (small bag of fluid at joints)

  13. Bone Spurs • Bony projections (osteophytes) that grow around joints

  14. Bone Cancer • Osteosarcoma • Ewing's sarcoma • malignant fibrous histiocytoma • chondrosarcoma.

  15. Spina bifida – incomplete closure of the spine

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